Treat Sexual Stigma to Heal Health Disparities: Improving Sexual Minorities’ Health Outcomes

Matsick, Jes L.; Wardecker, Britney M.; Oswald, Flora

doi:10.1177/2372732220942250

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Chronic health conditions, including cancer, obesity, and diabetes, disproportionately affect individuals from minoritized and marginalized backgrounds (Braveman, 2006) due to structural inequities (i.e., unequal distribution of societal power, privilege, and resources) that underlie the social conditions in which individuals are born, grow, live, work, and age (Baciu et al, 2017). Rooted in unequal social, economic, and environmental conditions and manifested in social oppression, health disparities are socially determined by intersecting, systemic influences such as racism and ethnic discrimination (O’Brien et al, 2020), socioeconomic disadvantage (Price et al, 2018), sexism and cissexism (Downing & Przedworski, 2018; Molix, 2014), homophobia and heterosexism (Matsick et al, 2020), and nativism and xenophobia (Vargas et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychotherapies for clients with physical health conditions: A scoping review of demographic reporting.

Kimber¹,

Ertl²,

Egli³

et al. 2022

Psychotherapy

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Recent research has highlighted the importance of investigating the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions for individuals with physical health conditions. To date, there is evidence that psychotherapeutic interventions are efficacious for a range of physical health conditions (e.g., cancer, obesity, and diabetes). However, less is known about for whom psychotherapeutic interventions for physical health conditions are effective. One reason for this might be pervasive underreporting of demographic data in research, despite the National Institute of Health's 2016 call to action to include such information. Specifically, studies that fail to report full demographic data of participants may reinforce inequities for historically and societally marginalized groups that are traditionally underrepresented in health research; function to restrict researchers from identifying nondiverse, unrepresentative samples; and limit the capacity for future research to address such limitations. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review of reported demographic data in randomized clinical trials of psychotherapeutic interventions for cancer, obesity, and diabetes. We aimed to identify the frequency and type of demographic data in reported sample characteristics from 2016 to the present. Findings revealed that, on average, studies reported approximately 5 of the 8 demographic domains of interest (M = 5.1; SD = 1.24; range 3-7)age, sex assigned at birth, race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, education, mental health status-suggesting that researchers are not reporting demographic data regularly or consistently. The current article discusses the implications of underreporting demographic data for external validity and provides suggestions for future research directions. Clinical Impact StatementQuestion: What is the frequency that clinical health researchers report demographic data in cancer, obesity, and diabetes psychotherapy research? Findings: Historically underrepresented groups are disproportionately underrepresented in health research, suggesting a lack of clarity on the validity and support of psychotherapy interventions for such groups. Meaning: Comprehensively reporting demographic data will illustrate the full extent of disparities in psychotherapy health research; thus, addressing such disparities stands to increase generalizability to underrepresented groups. Next Steps: Finalize reporting guidelines for psychotherapy health research and address barriers to reporting demographic data in research.

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confidence: 99%

Psychotherapies for clients with physical health conditions: A scoping review of demographic reporting.

Kimber¹,

Ertl²,

Egli³

et al. 2022

Psychotherapy

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“…Within South-Atlantic and East-South-Central counties, providers and resources were concentrated in metro areas; multiple non-metro counties in these areas were "resource deserts," in that they did not have any LGBTQ+ youth-inclusive providers. The stark differences in numbers of LGBTQ+ community providers between US regions highlight the geographic disparities in the availability of programs that can play important roles in reducing sexual minority stigma (both external and internalized) and improving outcomes in AGBMSM (Matsick et al, 2020). In the South-Atlantic region, 46% of analyzed counties did not have any identified LGBTQ+ community providers, and in the South-Central region, 85% of counties were similarly lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These structural factors are malleable, and interventions aimed at reducing structural vulnerabilities and reducing disparities in relevant service availability may mediate negative health effects in AGBMSM (Matsick et al, 2020). Programs and interventions that create or expand health and well-being services tailored, or welcoming, to sexual minority youth can play a vital role in increasing AGBMSM's health (Coulter et al, 2019;Jadwin-Cakmak et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping LGBTQ+ Youth Resource Density Across Four High HIV Prevalence Corridors in the US

et al. 2021

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Introduction Studies using geospatial data to understand LGBTQ+-friendly sexual health and wellness resource availability have often focused on services catered to adults. While HIV rates have increased in adolescents in recent years, few studies have explored disparities in resource access for adolescent gay and bisexual men (AGBMSM). Methods We used geospatial data of resources (collected and verified 2017-2018) from the iReach app to understand disparities in resource access for AGBMSM within and between 4 high HIV prevalence corridors in the US. Results AGBMSM in non-metro areas had access to fewer resources and some rural counties had no LGBTQ+ -friendly resources. Corridors comprising states with legacies of punitive laws targeting sexual and gender minorities demonstrate stark geographic disparities across the US. Conclusions Policy-makers must understand the granularity of disparities within regions. Online resources may be able to surmount LGBTQ+ resource deserts. However, physical access to LGBTQ+ -friendly services must be improved as a fundamental strategy for reducing HIV among AGBMSM.

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“…" -anonymous Grindr user, quoted by Arnold (2018) Lesbian women are twice as likely to be fat 1 than their heterosexual counterparts (e.g., Boehmer et al, 2007;Struble et al, 2010); the converse is true for gay men, who are less likely to be fat than heterosexual men (e.g., Fredricksen-Goldsen et al, 2013;Lunn et al, 2017). literature spanning psychology, public health, and LG (lesbian and gay) studies has interrogated these patterns through differing lenses -often drawing upon minority stress models -which position sexual stigma as a fundamental cause of health disparities (see Matsick et al, 2020) to understand these differential outcomes (e.g., Mereish, 2014;Mereish & Poteat, 2015). Much of this work has drawn connections to how LG community norms shape bodily attitudes; for example, academics have theorized that greater acceptance of bodily diversity in lesbian populations contributes to greater body satisfaction and thus lower drive for thinness (e.g., Aaron et al, 2001).…”

Section: Stereotype Application At the Intersection Of Body Shape Gen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotype Application at the Intersection of Body Shape, Gender/Sex, and Sexual Orientation

Oswald

Champion

Khera

et al. 2022

The Journal of Sex Research

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Though much work has examined how sexual orientation and body shape are jointly constituted, less has examined the joint perception of body shape, gender/sex, and sexuality. We draw upon multifarious person perception approaches to examine how personality and sexuality-related traits are attributed to bodies of varying shape (skinny, average, fat) when presented with differing social identities along the axes of gender/sex (male, female) and sexual orientation (heterosexual, lesbian/gay). In a sample of 991 participants, we found robust evidence that trait application varied by both body shape and sexual orientation. Further, supporting our hypotheses, we found that gay male bodies were perceived as more feminine than heterosexual male bodies, and skinny male bodies were perceived as more feminine than other body shapes. Supporting additional hypothesizing, we found lesbian female bodies were perceived as more masculine than heterosexual female bodies, and fat female bodies were perceived as the most masculine across sexual orientations. Partially supporting our hypotheses, we found that average bodies were perceived as the most typical for all identities; further, as hypothesized, we found that most bodies perceived as less typical of their social identity category were perceived as experiencing heightened prejudice on the basis of body shape.

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Treat Sexual Stigma to Heal Health Disparities: Improving Sexual Minorities’ Health Outcomes

Cited by 32 publications

References 66 publications

Psychotherapies for clients with physical health conditions: A scoping review of demographic reporting.

Psychotherapies for clients with physical health conditions: A scoping review of demographic reporting.

Mapping LGBTQ+ Youth Resource Density Across Four High HIV Prevalence Corridors in the US

Stereotype Application at the Intersection of Body Shape, Gender/Sex, and Sexual Orientation

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