Treating AIDS

Whyte, Susan Reynolds; Whyte, Michael; Meinert, Lotte; Kyaddondo, Betty

doi:10.1215/9780822387916-009

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…In this paper, we explore the “unevenness” of access to ART [ 2 ] as perceived by young adults in southern Malawi. We assess understandings of the ART prioritization system under Option B+ and examine how the priorities of those living amidst an epidemic align with those developed in Geneva and Lilongwe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness and perceived fairness of option B+ in Malawi: a population‐level perspective

Yeatman

Trinitapoli

2017

Journal of the International AIDS Society

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Introduction: Policies for rationing antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been subject to on-going ethical debates. Introduced in Malawi in 2011, Option B+ prioritized HIV-positive pregnant women for lifelong ART regardless of the underlying state of their immune system, shifting the logic of allocation away from medical eligibility. Despite the rapid expansion of this policy, we know little about how it has been understood and interpreted by the people it affects. Methods: We assessed awareness and perceived fairness of the prioritization system for ART among a population-based sample of young women (n = 1440) and their partners (n = 574) in southern Malawi. We use a card-sort technique to elicit understandings of who gets ART under Option B+ and who should be prioritized, and we compare perceptions to actual ART policy using sequence analysis and optimal matching. We then use ordered logistic regression to identify the factors associated with policy awareness. Results: In 2015, only 30.7% of women and 21.1% of male partners understood how ART was being distributed. There was widespread confusion around whether otherwise healthy HIV-positive pregnant women could access ART under Option B + . Nonetheless, more young adults thought that the fairest policy should prioritize such women than believed the actual policy did. Women who were older, more educated or had recently engaged with the health system through antenatal care or ART had more accurate understandings of Option B + . Among men, policy awareness was lower, and was patterned only by education. Conclusions: Although most respondents were unaware that Option B+ afforded ART access to healthy-pregnant women, Malawians support the prioritization of pregnant women. Countries adopting Option B+ or other new ART policies such as universal test-and-treat should communicate the policies and their rationales to the public – such transparency would be more consistent with a fair and ethical process and could additionally serve to clarify confusion and enhance retention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness and perceived fairness of option B+ in Malawi: a population‐level perspective

Yeatman

Trinitapoli

2017

Journal of the International AIDS Society

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“…Besides, the CDC suggests there are 1.1 million people in the US right now who could benefit from PrEP and the amount donated would cover <200.000 individuals. In a context far away from the US, Whyte and her colleagues' work on Uganda revealed that price cuts by the big multinational pharmaceutical companies, action research programs, donor support, and even the production of cheaper generics are never sufficient to provide universal access to ARV (Whyte et al, 2006). Without significant regulation of drug prices, access to medicine will never be universal neither in the U.S. nor in Africa and that it was never meant to be.…”

Section: Philanthrocapitalism: Saving the World Through Corporate Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathopolitics: Pathologies and Biopolitics of PrEP

Atuk

2020

Front. Sociol.

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This paper unveils the pathologies that are produced and sustained by the pharmaceutical industry, specifically by Gilead Sciences, Inc. Broadly defined, pathopolitics is the politics of treating and/or reproducing pathologies. This paper examines pathopolitics in the context of PrEP, or pre-exposure prophylaxis, an antiretroviral medicine that prevents HIV transmission. Although Gilead promises to prevent a pathology through PrEP, it reproduces social and biological pathologies by exposing certain people to higher risks of infections and diseases, thus epitomizing the operating logic of the pharmaceutical industry: that life is protected only insofar as it offers surplus economic and social value. This essay raises three fundamental sets of questions: (1) What are the techniques and mechanics of pathopolitics? (2) How does the pharmaceutical industry produce and exploit surplus value? (3) What is the nature of the relationship between the pharmaceutical citizenship and pathopolitics?

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Inert facts and the illusion of knowledge: strategic uses of ignorance in HIV clinics

Heimer¹

2012

Economy and Society

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Treating AIDS

Cited by 8 publications

References 170 publications

Awareness and perceived fairness of option B+ in Malawi: a population‐level perspective

Awareness and perceived fairness of option B+ in Malawi: a population‐level perspective

Pathopolitics: Pathologies and Biopolitics of PrEP

Inert facts and the illusion of knowledge: strategic uses of ignorance in HIV clinics

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