Treatise Online no. 44: Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 22: Predation of bivalves

Harper, Elizabeth M.; Kelley, Patricia H.

doi:10.17161/to.v0i0.4276

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Most of the predatory drill holes in Recent marine molluscs are produced by members of the families Naticidae and Muricidae, which are unique among gastropods in having an accessory boring organ (ABO) (e.g. Carriker 1981; Harper & Kelley 2012). Circular holes bored into calcareous skeletal substrates are named as Oichnus Bromley, 1981 (Wisshak et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possibly the predator on Eothyasira was also able to trace the soft parts richest in nutrients as some Recent muricids do (Hughes & Dunkin 1984). Naticid gastropods produce drill holes preferably in the umbonal or central shell regions of their bivalve prey and are thought to be site‐selective (Harper & Kelley 2012; see also Calvet 1992 for an alternative view). The drill holes O .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predatory drill holes in the oldest thyasirid bivalve, from the Lower Jurassic of South Germany

Karapunar

Werner

Fürsich

et al. 2021

LET

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Drill holes provide valuable information about palaeoecological interactions in fossil ecosystems, but the Jurassic drill‐hole record is scarce. We report circular drill holes in the infaunal bivalve Eothyasira antiqua(Münster in Goldfuss) from the Pliensbachian grey shales of the Amaltheenton Formation of Franconia, southern Germany. The outcrop of the Amaltheenton Formation at Buttenheim yields a rich bivalve fauna (57 species), which represents a typical soft‐bottom community. Eothyasira antiqua, the yet oldest known member of the family Thyasiridae, represents only 1% of the total bivalve specimens from Buttenheim, but shows an exceptionally high frequency of drill holes. With a drilling rate of 81% of the well‐preserved articulated specimens, this occurence is unique compared with other drilled bivalve records from the Mesozoic and even from Recent assemblages. The drill holes resemble those of modern naticids with a larger outer opening and are assigned to the ichnospecies Oichnus paraboloides Bromley. Statistical methods show a non‐random distribution of the drill holes over the shell surface with a concentration on the central flank. The drill‐hole producer was highly efficient in drilling and exhibited a remarkable prey and site‐selective behaviour. The drill holes on the moderately deep infaunal Eothyasira suggest that the predator was also infaunal for at least parts of its life and could cope with poorly oxygenated substrate conditions occurring temporarily in the Amaltheenton environment. Drill‐hole characteristics point to a gastropod as producer. None of the about 50 gastropod taxa of the Amaltheenton Formation can be associated with the drill holes with certainty, but Hayamia reticulata (Münster) seems to be the most likely candidate. The results of this study support the opinion that drill holes are generally a scarce phenomenon in the Early Jurassic generated by rare, probably highly specialised predators. Preservational biases are considered to have been less important.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predatory drill holes in the oldest thyasirid bivalve, from the Lower Jurassic of South Germany

Karapunar

Werner

Fürsich

et al. 2021

LET

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“…Whereas the shell as a whole may be primarily for protection of the soft tissue inside the bivalve shell, ornamentation on the shell may serve a variety of purposes. Bivalve ornamentation has been postulated to be important for a variety of functions including maintaining a stable life position in the sediment, burrowing, shell strengthening, directing inhalant and exhalant currents, and protecting against predators (e.g., Trueman et al 1966;Carter 1967Carter , 1968Kauffman 1969;Stanley 1970Stanley , 1981Stanley , 1988Aller 1974;Thomas 1975;Arua and Hoque 1987;Harper and Skelton 1993;Kelley and Hansen 1996;Stone 1998;Harper and Kelley 2012). An anti-predatory function of ornamentation has also been suggested for Paleozoic and Mesozoic brachiopods (Leighton 2001(Leighton , 2003Vörös 2010;Johnsen et al 2013), Cretaceous and Paleogene ostracods (Reyment 1967;Reyment et al 1987), Jurassic nautiloids and ammonoids (Bardhan and Halder 2000;Kröger 2002), modern barnacles (Palmer 1982), and modern and fossil marine and continental gastropods (e.g., Bertness and Cunningham 1981;Arua and Hoque 1987;Donovan et al 1999;Paul et al 2013;Liew and Schilthuizen 2014), although Yochelson et al (1983) suggested that predation intensity on the sub-Holocene scaphopod Dentalium laqueatum increased with more ribs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results show that concentric ribs do influence the drilling behavior and success of gastropods. We also assess whether this type of shell ornamentation serves as an adaptation or exaptation to drilling predation (see discussion in Harper 2006 and Harper and Kelley 2012). The definitions of adaptation and exaptation used herein follow Gould and Vrba (1982): adaptations are features built by natural selection for their current role, whereas exaptation refers to characters that evolved for other usages or for no particular function and were co-opted later for their current role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shell ornamentation as a likely exaptation: evidence from predatory drilling on Cenozoic bivalves

Klompmaker¹,

Kelley²

2015

Paleobiology

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Abstract.-Predation is an important process in modern oceans and in the evolutionary history of marine ecosystems. Consequently, it has been hypothesized that shelled prey modified their ornamentation in response to predation. However, bivalve ornamentation has also been argued to be important in maintaining a stable life position in the sediment and in burrowing. To test whether concentric ribs were effective against drilling by carnivorous gastropods, we examined drill hole position and completeness for four Cenozoic bivalve species that differ in rib strength (Astarte radiata, A. goldfussi, Lirophora glyptocyma, and L. latilirata). The percentage of drill holes located between the ribs increases with increasing rib strength, whereas the percentage of drill holes on top of ribs decreases. This result suggests that gastropods select the drill hole site more effectively as rib strength increases, thereby saving time and energy, and that natural selection favors gastropods that select drill hole sites between ribs. Because of this greater stereotypy, the percentage of drill holes that are incomplete is generally lower in strongly ribbed species. The proportion of drill holes located on top of ribs is greater for incomplete than complete holes, implying that ribs can be effective against predators, but only when selected as the drilling location. We show that ribs are most effective against drilling predation for bivalves with moderately sized ribs, between which gastropods have difficulty siting drill holes. Concentric ribs are unlikely to have evolved as an adaptation against drilling predation because concentric ribs evolved in the Paleozoic and were already common in the Mesozoic, whereas drilling frequency increased later, in the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene. Moreover, rib strength of North American Astarte did not change through this time interval. Thus, the ribs considered here are a likely exaptation to drilling given their effectiveness at deterring drilling predation on bivalves with moderate ribs.

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“…Summaries of predation evidence found on a variety of marine fossil invertebrate clades are known: foraminifera (Culver and Lipps, 2003), trilobites (Babcock, 2003), crinoids (Baumiller and Gahn, 2003), brachiopods (Leighton, 2003), cephalopods (Mapes and Chaffin, 2003;Klompmaker et al, 2009), echinoids (Kowalewski and Nebelsick, 2003), bryozoans (McKinney et al, 2003), scaphopods (Yochelson et al, 1983;Klompmaker, 2011a), annelids (Klompmaker, 2012a;Martinell et al, 2012), ophiuroids (Aronson, 1987), ostracods (Reyment and Elewa, 2003), and bivalves and gastropods (Kelley and Hansen, 2003;Alexander and Dietl, 2003;Harper and Kelley, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Predation Evidence Found on Fossil Decapod Crustaceans With New Examples of Drill Holes Attributed to Gastropods and Octopods

Klompmaker¹,

Karasawa²,

Portell³

et al. 2014

PALAIOS

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Predators of extant decapod crustaceans are fairly well known, but unlike many other invertebrate clades, not much is known regarding predation evidence found on fossil decapods. Herein, we provide an overview of such predation and expand upon this through an extensive study of fossil decapod specimens from multiple museum collections. Thus far most examples of predation come from drill holes and stomach contents; bite marks, incisions or irregular holes, and possible regurgitated material are also known. The currently recognized predators of decapods in the fossil record are fish, plesiosaurs, ammonites, octopods, and gastropods. We also provide new evidence of unambiguous drill-hole predation in decapods, based on 33,593 nonmoldic Cenozoic (middle EoceneHolocene) decapod remains originating from Europe, Asia, and North America, indicating that drilling predation in decapods is more common than currently recognized. Drill holes attributed to octopods (ichnotaxon Oichnus ovalis) and gastropods (O. simplex and O. paraboloides) were found in carapaces and appendages from the Pliocene of the Netherlands, the Pleistocene and Pliocene of the United States (Florida), and the Pleistocene and early Miocene of Japan. Six drill holes attributed to octopods were found in epifaunal and semiburrowing crabs; three drill holes attributed to gastropods were discovered in semiburrowing and epifaunal crabs, and in a burrowing mud shrimp; and the producer of two other drill holes in epifaunal crabs is unknown. Other possible drill holes occur in decapods from the Holocene and early Miocene of Japan and the late Eocene of the United States. Drill-hole predation intensities in decapod faunas by stratigraphic formation are low (#2.7%), at least in part due to multiple biases such as preservation and molting.

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Treatise Online no. 44: Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 22: Predation of bivalves

Cited by 8 publications

References 91 publications

Predatory drill holes in the oldest thyasirid bivalve, from the Lower Jurassic of South Germany

Predatory drill holes in the oldest thyasirid bivalve, from the Lower Jurassic of South Germany

Shell ornamentation as a likely exaptation: evidence from predatory drilling on Cenozoic bivalves

An Overview of Predation Evidence Found on Fossil Decapod Crustaceans With New Examples of Drill Holes Attributed to Gastropods and Octopods

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