Treatment and Outcome of Adolescent Anorexia nervosa

Abstract

Treatment of adolescent anorectic patients includes a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s condition, measures leading to effective weight restoration and the choice of the optimal treatment setting. The main psychotherapeutic approaches include supportive individual psychotherapy, behavioural, and family therapy. Individual psychotherapy is provided by a supportive relationship with treatment staff and the therapeutic environment of the ward. Behavioural therapy uses operant conditioning to promote weight gain and may include cognitive methods and social skills training. Family therapy may also be beneficial for some adolescent patients. There is no evidence that pharmacotherapy, besides treating depressive symptoms, has any beneficial effect in anorectic patients. The outcome and prognosis of an individual patient is unpredictable.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant levels in patients with anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and exploratory meta‐analysis

“…It is known that these two substances are strongly related in a reciprocal way: dietary cysteine is a critical determinant of the intracellular concentration of glutathione, while glutathione serves as a reservoir of cysteine. 62,63 Finally, regarding antioxidant-enhancing enzymes, AN subjects showed higher catalase levels, lower SOD, but similar glutathione enzyme levels than HCs. 45 Therefore, low levels of both bioavailable cysteine and glutathione confirm that in AN patients antioxidant barriers are decreased.…”

“…It is known that serum albumin is an indicator of nutritional status, but it has also antioxidant properties through its multiple binding sites and free radical-trapping properties. 62,63 Finally, regarding antioxidant-enhancing enzymes, AN subjects showed higher catalase levels, lower SOD, but similar glutathione enzyme levels than HCs. These enzymes are involved in the decomposition of reactive oxygen and hydrogen peroxide into gaseous oxygen and water molecules (Fig.…”

Eating Disorders

“…About half of those who have anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa have a full recovery, approximately 30 percent have a partial recovery, and 20 percent have no substantial improvement in symptoms. 22,23 …”

Tratamiento quirúrgico de la anorexia nerviosa resistente al tratamiento médico

“…Durante la fase aguda el tratamiento se dirige a la estabilización médica (corrección de electrolitos o problemas cardiacos). Las fluctuaciones rápidas de peso, la restricción calórica severa y los atracones y conductas purgativas están asociadas con graves complicaciones médicas, que pueden conducir a arritmias cardiacas, síntomas musculoesqueléticos y neurológicos (19).…”