Treatment and Strategy for Food Allergies in Paediatrics

Abstract

Food allergy (FA) has significantly increased in the last decade, and its diagnosis is a continuous challenge. Mild cases are often neglected or detected late, and in children, parents may not be able to accurately interpret symptoms. It is crucial to differentiate FAs from food intolerance and toxic reactions. To provide personalized management, accurate diagnosis is essential. Modern diagnostic tests, such as component diagnosis and epitope reactivity, allow for a more accurate therapeutic approach and reliable prognosis evaluation. Investigations like serum IgE, elimination diets, oral food challenges, single, blind, and double-blind tests, and skin tests are used. Anaphylaxis risk can be assessed using molecular diagnostics/component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) and a basophilic activation test (BAT). These tests allow for planned, individualized therapy based on molecular and clinical characteristics. Understanding immunological processes, diagnostics, and immunotherapies in FAs is crucial for evaluating food allergen exposure, detecting allergic responses, analyzing clinical manifestations, highlighting diagnostic options, and demonstrating appropriate therapeutic strategies. Key words: Food allergy, paediatric, basophilic activation test, component-resolved diagnosis