Treatment and toxicity evaluation of methylene blue using electrochemical oxidation, fly ash adsorption and combined electrochemical oxidation-fly ash adsorption

Wang, Kai-Sung; Wei, Ming-Chi; Peng, Tzu-Huan; Li, Heng-Ching; Chao, Shu-Ju; Hsu, Tzu-Fang; Lee, Hong-Shen; Chang, Shih-Hsien

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.03.022

Cited by 42 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…and their mixtures. All the above mentioned materials have a high surface area and excellent mechanical and chemical resistance even at high current densities [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Ho2• + H2o2→ •Oh + H2o + O2 Eq (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of new Ti–Bi2O3 anode and its use for reactive dye degradation

Petrović

Mitrović

Antonijević

et al. 2015

Materials Chemistry and Physics

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This paper reports the synthesis, characterization and application of a Ti-Bi2O3 anode for the electrochemical decolorization of the textile dye Reactive Red 2. The anode was synthesized by electrodeposition on a Ti substrate immersed in an acidic bismuth (III) solution at constant potential, followed by calcination in air at 600°C. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the electrodeposited material was predominantly metallic bismuth, which was oxidized to pure α-Bi2O3 during the calcination in air. SEM micrographs revealed that the Bi2O3 coat at the anode surface was inhomogeneous and porous. Reactive Red 2 was completely electrochemically decolorized at the synthesized anode in the presence of H2O2. The applied current density, H2O2 and Na2SO4 concentration, medium pH and initial dye concentration affected the dye decolorization rate. The optimal process parameters were found to be as follows: an applied current density of 40 mA cm -2 using a mixture of 10 mmol dm -3 H2O2 and 10 mmol dm -3 Na2SO4 at pH 7. The dye decolorization rate was shown to decrease as its initial concentration increased. The decolorization reactions were found to follow pseudo-first order kinetics.

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Section: Ho2• + H2o2→ •Oh + H2o + O2 Eq (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of new Ti–Bi2O3 anode and its use for reactive dye degradation

Petrović

Mitrović

Antonijević

et al. 2015

Materials Chemistry and Physics

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“…The effectiveness of AO with dimensionally stable anodes to decolorize and partially mineralize dye solutions in the presence of sulfate or chloride ions has been well proven [5]. Active MO such as Ti/RuO2 [3], Ti/IrO2 [23,24] and Ti/Pt [25], non-active MO like Ti/ PbO2 [9,26] and active mixed MO (MMO) such as Ti/Ru-Ti [25,27], Ti/Ir-Ru [28], Ti/Sn-Sb-Pt [29] and C/Pt-Bi [30] have been utilized. Faster decolorization was found in chloride compared to sulfate medium due to the Cl− oxidation to active chlorine (Cl2/HClO/ ClO−), which attacks the organics much more rapidly than MOx( OH) formed from reaction (1) [5,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greater production of active chlorine occurs in active anodes, but the main drawback of using such oxidants is the formation of toxic and persistent chloroderivatives that are slowly removed. For a Ti/IrO2 anode, for example, Zaviska et al [23] found 99% color removal with 51% COD and 75% TOC decays for a 25 mg dm−3 methyl violet 2 B solution in 3.42 mmol dm−3 NaCl operating at a current density (j) of 15 mA cm−2 for 40 min, whereas Wang et al [24] reported 99% color removal with 84% COD abatement for a 100 mg dm−3 methylene blue solution in 1 g dm−3 NaCl of pH 7 at j = 42.8 mA m−2 after only 20 min of electrolysis. The use of non-active anodes in chloride-free medium, where only reactions (1) and/or (2) generate the oxidants, can yield larger mineralization but require much longer electrolysis time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative electrochemical oxidation of methyl orange azo dye using Ti/Ir-Pb, Ti/Ir-Sn, Ti/Ru-Pb, Ti/Pt-Pd and Ti/RuO 2 anodes

Isarain‐Chávez

Baró

Rossinyol

et al. 2017

Electrochimica Acta

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Pd and Ti/RuO2, has been determined from the anodic oxidation (AO) treatment of 2 dm3 of methyl orange azo dye solutions in 0.050 mol dm−3 Na2SO4 of pH 7.0 at constant current density. The anodes were synthesized by the dip-coating method using the corresponding metallic chlorides in isopropanol/water and their morphology, surface roughness, crystallographic structure and composition were analyzed. A mixture of IrO2,Pb2O3 and Pb3O4 were the components in the outperforming Ti/Ir-Pb anode. The effect of current density, Na2SO4 concentration, and cathode nature on the decolorization of azo dye solutions by AO with Ti/RuO2 was examined. Under favorable conditions, 96%-98% color removal was achieved using Ti/Ir-Pb, Ti/Ir-Sn and Ti/Ru-Pb, with lower decolorization for Ti/Pt-Pd and Ti/RuO2 anodes. In all cases, a pseudo-firstorder decolorization process was found. The oxidation ability of anodes rose in the order Ti/RuO2 < Ti/Pt-Pd < Ti/Ru-Pb < Ti/Ir-Sn < Ti/Ir-Pb, achieving 76.0% mineralization for the latter electrode. The mixture of active and non-active materials then gave rise to anodes with higher oxidation power than those made solely of active materials, due to the enhancement of the oxidation action of hydroxyl radicals formed in the non-active oxide. The superiority of Ir over Ru in the mixed metal oxides was related to the greater adsorption of organics on its surface, thereby favoring their oxidation. Ammonium and sulfate ions were released as pre-eminent ion. Stable byproducts and final short-linear aliphatic carboxylic acids were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ion-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. Based on these compounds, a reaction sequence for methyl orange mineralization is proposed.

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“…Chlorine and hypochlorous acid, generated during degradation, are strong toxic oxidants. They can oxidize organic matters and are simultaneously reduced to chloride [24]. As an important basic dye used for printing calico, dyeing cotton and leather, MB could cause various harmful effects such as eye burns, irritation to the gastrointestinal tract and to the skin [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytically Enhanced Cationic Dye Removal with Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxides

Starukh

2017

Nanoscale Res Lett

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Calcined and organo-modified Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were studied as adsorbents and photocatalysts for removal of cationic dye, as namely methylene blue (MB). Zn-Al LDHs with a cationic ratio of 2:4 were obtained by the coprecipitation method. As-synthesized samples were calcined at different temperatures and the phase transformations were investigated by XRD, TG/DTG, and UV–vis-DR methods. The activity of as-synthesized and calcined Zn-Al LDHs under UV light was attributed to the presence of ZnO phase. The amount of ZnO in LDHs can be regulated by varying of Zn/Al ratio and heating temperature. The impact of Zn/Al ratio on photocatalytic activity of LDHs was observed predominant. The calcined Zn-Al LDHs demonstrated low adsorption of MB. The modification of ZnAl LDHs by sodium dodecyl sulfate was performed using a reconstruction method. The organo/LDH nanohybrids demonstrated high adsorption capacity to MB. The removal of MB from solutions with organo/Zn-Al LDHs was enhanced by using UV light due to MB photodestruction.

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Treatment and toxicity evaluation of methylene blue using electrochemical oxidation, fly ash adsorption and combined electrochemical oxidation-fly ash adsorption

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

Synthesis and characterization of new Ti–Bi2O3 anode and its use for reactive dye degradation

Synthesis and characterization of new Ti–Bi2O3 anode and its use for reactive dye degradation

Comparative electrochemical oxidation of methyl orange azo dye using Ti/Ir-Pb, Ti/Ir-Sn, Ti/Ru-Pb, Ti/Pt-Pd and Ti/RuO 2 anodes

Photocatalytically Enhanced Cationic Dye Removal with Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxides

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