Treatment of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients at Publicly Owned Treatment Works

Tischler, Lial; Buzby, Mary; D'Aco, Vince; Jahnke, James

doi:10.2175/193864709793954880

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Table 1 represents general characteristics of those five different TOrCs. Various techniques and processes have been employed for the removal of these TOrCs and other endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), ranging from the activated sludge process and biodegradation, advanced oxidation process, granulated activated carbon, membrane bioreactor (MBR) and other non-biological methods such as nano filtration, reverse osmosis and ultra-violet (UV) processes (Johnson & Sumpter 2001;Holbrook et al 2002;Urase & Kikuta 2005;Tischler et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of 17α‐ethinylestradiol, salicylic acid, trimethoprim, carbamazepine and nonylphenol through biological carbon and nitrogen removal processes

Odize

Rahman

Jones

et al. 2017

Water & Environment J

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This study investigated five different trace organic contaminants (TOrCs) (one hormone: 17a-ethinylestradiol (EE2), two pharmaceuticals: salicylic acid (SA) and trimethoprim (TMP), one analgesic drug: carbamazepine (CBZ), and one surfactant metabolite: nonylphenol (NP)) removal efficiency at a full-scale Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (AWTP). The AWTP achieved average EE2, SA and NP removal over 80% at the biological carbon removal stages. The results also showed a 66% removal of TMP at the nitrogen removal stages. CBZ was recalcitrant throughout the plant, due to its high solubility and low distribution coefficient between wastewater and sludge. Batch experiments were conducted on active and inactive secondary, nitrification and denitrification sludge by adding TOrCs to understand the removal mechanism through sorption and biodegradation. Sorption was the dominant mechanism to remove EE2, SA and NP in secondary treatment processes. In nitrification and denitrification processes, higher percentage of TOrCs removal through biodegradation were observed compared to removal through sorption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%