“…Diagnosis of steal syndrome involves hearing the history and carrying out a physical examination followed by an arteriogram to support the diagnosis and viewing the extremity via duplex Doppler ultrasound (DDU). Surgical methods such as access banding, ligation, angioplasty, bypass and sympathectomy may be used in treating it (Berman et al,1997;Jean-Baptiste et al, 2004;Schanzer et al, 1992). Native AVF infections are seen less frequently than in CVCs and AVGs (Inrig et al, 2006;Hoen et al,1998).…”