Treatment of automotive wastewater by coagulation-flocculation using poly-aluminum chloride (PAC), ferric chloride (FeCl3) and aluminum sulfate (alum)

Bakar, Abdul Fattah Abu; Halim, Azhar Abdul

doi:10.1063/1.4858708

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A stock solution of 1g/L was prepared and further diluted to obtain solution with desired concentration. The coagulation study was done at various galactomannan dosage and Congo red concentration, presented in Table 1, at fixed pH 6.0, which is known as the optimum pH for FeCl3 (Boughou et al 2018;Bakar and Halim 2013), and FeCl3 dosage of 80 mg/L. The coagulation was done by mixing Congo red solution, FeCl3 and galactomannan at rapid mixing of 200 rpm for 3 min, followed by slow mixing (60 rpm, 30 min) and settling (1 h).…”

Section: Jar Test Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of galactomannan from spent coffee grounds as coagulant aid to treat synthetic Congo red wastewater

Kristianto

Saraswati

Prasetyo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Over the last few years, there is a significant growth in research exploring natural based coagulant due to its various benefits to decrease or even substitute the usage of inorganic chemical coagulants. Polysaccharide based coagulant and coagulant aid is a promising source for this purpose, due to its abundance. In this study, we reported utilization of galactomannan extracted from spent coffee grounds as natural coagulant aid in coagulation of Congo red synthetic wastewater. The coagulation was done at fixed dosage of FeCl3 (160 mg/L) and pH of 6. The effect of galactomannan as coagulant aid was observed by varying galactomannan dosage (0-140 mg/L) and Congo red concentration (20–70 mg/L). It was found that galactomannan as coagulant aid could increase the removal of Congo red, around 30–90% removal, depends on Congo red concentration, compared FeCl3 only (0–65%). The coagulation adsorption study was also investigated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Brunauer – Emmet – Teller (BET) isotherm models. It was found that Congo red coagulation using FeCl3 only was following Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer – homogenous formation during the coagulation. On the other hand, with the presence of galactomannan the coagulation was best described by BET isotherm, indicating multilayer – heterogeneous adsorption, possibly due to interparticle bridging of galactomannan during colloid aggregation. The findings in this study suggest synergistic effect of galactomannan and FeCl3 in the coagulation process and proved potential of galactomannan from spent coffee grounds as natural coagulant aid.

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Section: Jar Test Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of galactomannan from spent coffee grounds as coagulant aid to treat synthetic Congo red wastewater

Kristianto

Saraswati

Prasetyo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…30,31 For the given conditions, more than 70% of color and turbidity was removed for the dose of 60 mg FeCl 3 L -1 , 32 and 99% of suspended solids was removed by dosing 200 mg FeCl 3 L -1 . 33 Moreover, ferric chloride has been used to remove various ionic elements in water and waste water. For example, phosphorus was reduced from 0.193 mg L -1 to 0.016 mg L -1 in lake water at a dose of 20-30 mg FeCl 3 L -1 , 34 and nitrite in wastewater was removed quickly in the anaerobic digestion system when the proportional ferric chloride was dosed.…”

Section: −mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, coagulation with ferric chloride is one of common unit processes in water treatment 30,31 . For the given conditions, more than 70% of color and turbidity was removed for the dose of 60 mg FeCl 3 L ‐1 , 32 and 99% of suspended solids was removed by dosing 200 mg FeCl 3 L ‐1 33 . Moreover, ferric chloride has been used to remove various ionic elements in water and waste water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative removal of imidacloprid, bisphenol‐S, and azithromycin with ferrate and FeCl₃ and assessment of the resulting toxicity

Zhang

Jiang

2020

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Emerging micro-pollutants (EMPs) in water have received much attention due to their potential hazards to human health and ecological security. Ferrate has been researched in recent years to remove both particulate and dissolved impurities (including EMPs) from water, and its promising performance has been attributed to the high oxidation capacity and coagulation functions. However, limited research has compared ferrate with coagulation alone in the treatment of EMPs, which is one of the major objectives of this study. RESULTS: Three emerging micro-pollutants (EMPs), imidacloprid (IMP), bisphenol-S (BS), and azithromycin (AZM) were chosen for this study. In all cases, ferrate outperformed to ferric chloride in the removal of the EMPs. For a given ferrate dose of 0.05 mM, 99% of BS, 85% of AZM, and 78% of IMP were removed for a start concentration of 10 ∼g L −1. However, if the start concentration was 1000 ∼g L −1 , removal efficiency was decreased to 82% for BS, 62% for AZM, and 22% for IMP. pH 5 was favorable to the EMP removal by ferrate for the study conditions. Although higher removals of IMP, BS, and AZM were achieved by ferrate in comparison to those by ferric chloride, only 20% DOC removal was achieved by the ferrate. The formation of various oxidation products in the degradation process resulted in the disparity of the solution toxicity; that of BS was reduced but those of IMP and AZM increased after ferrate treatment. Nevertheless, the toxicity of ferric chloride treated samples was all increased. CONCLUSION: Ferrate has higher efficiency comparing with FeCl 3 to remove IMP, BS, and AZM. Degradation of the EMPs by ferrate was more efficient in acidic conditions (pH 5) and at the EMPs' lower initial concentrations for the given conditions. IMP was more resistant to the ferrate treatment compared to BS and AZM under the same conditions. Overall, 20% DOC reduction was achieved by ferrate for pH 5. Finally, the toxicity of BS can be reduced but those of IMP and AZM were increased after ferrate treatment, whilst the toxicity of ferric chloride treated samples was all increased.

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“…Generally the flocculation was achieved by adding flocculants such as ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) and polyaluminium chloride 32 . Better organic matter removal was observed when leachate was treated with FeCl 3…”

Section: Effect Of Ph On the Flocculation Of Organic Compounds In Landfill Leachatementioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Culture of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris Using Landfill Leachate

Wang¹,

Shen²,

Zhao³

et al. 2018

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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The efficient culture of Rhodopseudomonas palustris using landfill leachate was investigated. Total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in landfill leachate were 16.0 g/L and 1.1 g/L at pH 4.5, respectively, which was apparently reduced with the increase of pH. Compared with carbon or nitrogen source added, the addition of phosphorus could greatly promote the growth of R. palustris using landfill leachate as culture medium. Both the growth of R. palustris and the removals of TOC and TN were enhanced by increasing inoculation ratios (v/v) of R. palustris from 20% to 50% and the highest cell density of 2.0×109 cell/mL was obtained. The viability and integrity of R. palustris was further detected with the fluorometry method of double staining and the highest proportion of 99.4% live cells was found at 72 h. This study is very important in the efficient utilization of landfill leachate to culture R. palustris as bacterial manure.

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Treatment of automotive wastewater by coagulation-flocculation using poly-aluminum chloride (PAC), ferric chloride (FeCl3) and aluminum sulfate (alum)

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Utilization of galactomannan from spent coffee grounds as coagulant aid to treat synthetic Congo red wastewater

Utilization of galactomannan from spent coffee grounds as coagulant aid to treat synthetic Congo red wastewater

Comparative removal of imidacloprid, bisphenol‐S, and azithromycin with ferrate and FeCl₃ and assessment of the resulting toxicity

Efficient Culture of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris Using Landfill Leachate

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Treatment of automotive wastewater by coagulation-flocculation using poly-aluminum chloride (PAC), ferric chloride (FeCl3) and aluminum sulfate (alum)

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Utilization of galactomannan from spent coffee grounds as coagulant aid to treat synthetic Congo red wastewater

Utilization of galactomannan from spent coffee grounds as coagulant aid to treat synthetic Congo red wastewater

Comparative removal of imidacloprid, bisphenol‐S, and azithromycin with ferrate and FeCl3 and assessment of the resulting toxicity

Efficient Culture of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris Using Landfill Leachate

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Comparative removal of imidacloprid, bisphenol‐S, and azithromycin with ferrate and FeCl₃ and assessment of the resulting toxicity