Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in Canadian Prison Inmates

Farley, John; Wong, Victor K.; Chung, Henry V; Lim, Elizabeth; Walters, Gavin; Farley, Theresa A.; Yoshida, Eric M.

doi:10.1155/2005/767540

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…SVR rates in prisoners infected with genotype 1 varied between 18% and 43.1%, while those in prisoners infected with genotype 3 were in the range from 50% to 71.4% (3,24,25,26). In the present study, SVR rates at 6 months post-treatment were 75% for all genotypes.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

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Hepatitis C Prevalence and Responses to Pegylated Interferon + Ribavirin Treatment Among Prisoners

Özger¹,

Karaşahin²,

Toy³

et al. 2017

vhd

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ÖZObjective: The aim of our study was to identify the hepatitis C prevalence in prisoners and to share experiences of pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) + ribavirin (RBV) treatment. Materials and Methods:The study was conducted by assessing the records of prisoners between January 2014 and 2016, retrospectively. Patients in whom planned treatments were applied in a given time were determined and, virologic responses at the end of treatment and 6 months after treatment were evaluated. Chi-square test was used and a p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among prisoners, the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positivity rate was 7.82% and HCV-RNA positivity rate was 5.72%. The most common genotype was genotype 3a (66 of 99 patients).End-of-treatment and 6 th month sustained virologic response rates were 84.6% and 80.5%, respectively. In genotype 3a group, endof-treatment and 6 th month sustained virologic response rates were found to be higher than other genotypes but not statistically significant. Conclusion:In our study, which assessed prisoners, the rate of HCV positivity was higher than hepatitis C in the general population in Turkey. In accordance with the literature, genotype 3 was the most common genotype among prisoners. Sustained virologic response rates obtained with peg-IFN+RBV treatment suggested that peg-IFN treatment should be used with current treatment combinations in prisoners infected with HCV genotype 3. Keywords: Hepatitis C, prisoner, prevalence, pegylated interferon + ribavirin Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı mahkumlardaki hepatit C prevalansını belirlemek ve pegile interferon (peg-IFN) + ribavirin (RBV) tedavi deneyimlerini paylaşmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, Ocak 2014 ve 2016 yılları arasında mahkum kayıtlarını retrospektif olarak değerlendirilerek gerçekleştirildi. Belirlenen sürede planlanan tedavilerin uygulanabildiği hastalar tespit edildi, tedavi sonu ve sonraki 6. ay virolojik yanıtları değerlendirildi. Ki-kare testi kullanıldı ve p<0,05 istatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Mahkumlarda, anti-hepatit C virüsü (HCV) pozitifliği %7,82 ve HCV-RNA pozitifliği %5,72 idi. En yaygın genotip 3a genotipi (99 hastanın 66'sı) idi. Tedavi sonu ve 6. ayda devam eden virolojik yanıt oranları sırasıyla %84,6 ve %80,5 idi. Genotip 3a grubunda, tedavi sonu ve 6. ayda devam eden virolojik yanıt oranları diğer genotiplerden daha yüksek bulundu ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Sonuç: Mahkumları değerlendiren çalışmamızda HCV pozitifliği, genel olarak Türkiye'deki pozitifliğe göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Literatürle benzer olarak, mahkumlarda genotip 3 en yaygın genotip olarak tespit edilmiştir. Peg-IFN+RBV tedavisi ile elde edilen virolojik yanıt oranları, peg-IFN tedavisinin, HCV genotip 3 ile enfekte mahkumlardaki mevcut tedavi kombinasyonları içerisinde yer alması gerektiğini düşündürmektedir.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

“…Of the DAAs used to treat hepatitis C, only sofosbuvir and daclatasvir are shown to be effective against genotype 3 in vitro (24) .5%). They stated that the duration of sofosbuvir+RBV treatment must be extended to 24 weeks in order to achieve the same SVR rate that adding peg-IFN provides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Prevalence and Responses to Pegylated Interferon + Ribavirin Treatment Among Prisoners

Özger¹,

Karaşahin²,

Toy³

et al. 2017

vhd

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“…The gait complex Gaits" [T] is a cellular decomposition of Tn built upon the image of T n + 1 under the "shearing map" [3], (4) The cells of Gaits n [T] arise by "shearing" down all of the "diagonal" subspaces of T,,+l-that is, all of those orbits wherein some subset of entries maintain the identical phase-and thus represent via a single n-tuple, an "orbit" of (n + 1 )-tuples that circulate while maintaining the same relative phase. 3 l For an example of a more complicated family of reference gait generators capable of producing such "winding" limit cycles.…”

Section: Appendix A: the Gait Complex And Its Defining Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas there is a long and still lively debate about the reason for their value to an imal runners (optimized joint loads? [4]; optimized energetics? [5]; muscle function or bone strain?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait Transitions for Quasi-static Hexapedal Locomotion on Level Ground

Haynes

Cohen

Koditschek

2011

Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics

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As robot bodies become more capable, the motivation grows to better coordinate them-whether multiple limbs attached to a body or multiple bodies assigned to a task. This paper introduces a new formalism for coordination of periodic tasks, with specific application to gait transitions for legged platforms. Specifically, we make modest use of classical group theory to replace combinatorial search and optimization with a computationally simpler and conceptually more straightforward appeal to elementary algebra. We decompose the space of all periodic legged gaits into a cellular complex indexed using "Young Tableaux", making transparent the proximity to steady state orbits and the neighborhood structure. We encounter the simple task of transitioning between these gaits while locomoting over level ground. Toward that end, we arrange a family of dynamical reference generators over the "Gait Complex" and construct automated coordination controllers to force the legged system to converge to a specified cell's gait, while assessing the relative static stability of gaits by approximating their stability margin via transit through a "Stance Complex". To integrate these two different constructs-the Gait Complex describing possible gaits, the Stance Complex defining safe locomotion-we utilize our compositional lexicon to plan switching policies for a hybrid control approach. Results include automated gait transitions for a variety of useful gaits, shown via tests on a hexapedal robot. Abstract As robot bodies become more capable, the motivation grows to better coordinate them-whether multiple limbs attached to a body or multiple bodies as signed to a task. This paper introduces a new formalism for coordination of periodic tasks. with specific application to gaitlransitions for legged platforms. Specifically. we make modest use of classical group theory to replace combinatorial search and optimization with a computationally simpler and conceptually more straightforward appeal to elementary algebra.We decompose the space of all periodic legged gaits into a cellular complex in dexed using "Young Tableaux", making transparent the proximity to steady state orbits and the neighborhood structure. We encounter the simple task of transition ing between these gaits while locomoting over level ground. Toward that end. we arrange a family of dynamical reference generators over the "Gait Complex" and construct automated coordination controllers to force the legged system to converge to a specified cell's gait, while assessing the relative static stability of gaits by ap proximating their stability margin via transit through a "Stance Complex". To in tegrate these two different constructs-the Gait Complex describing possible gaits, the Stance Complex defining safe locomotion-we utilize our compositional lexicon to plan switching policies for a hybrid control approach. Results include automated gait transitions for a variety of useful gaits, shown via tests on a hexapedal robot.

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“…Attempts to modify the prison experience in a way that would reduce risk of infection with blood-borne viruses and optimise the testing for and management of the HCV and HBV problems in prison do not meet support in any consistent way. These problems are experienced in Australia and around the globe [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] . It is encouraging that progress is being made in different ways in different countries.…”

Section: Attitudes To Addressing the Issue Of Hcv In Prison Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controversies in and challenges to our understanding of hepatitis C

Batey¹

2007

WJG

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Discovered in 1989, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality world-wide despite a huge research commitment to defining and understanding the virus and the disease it causes. This paper discusses a number of areas where progress in the management of the HCV have not kept pace with the scientific understanding of the HCV. It is suggested that in the fields of HCV prevention and providing access to treatment, practice falls short of what could be achieved. The role of alcohol in the pathogenesis of HCV liver injury is discussed. Discrimination against those with HCV infection and particularly those in prison settings fails to match good clinical practice. The complicated processes of sharing information between specialty groups is also discussed in an attempt to optimise knowledge dissemination in this field.

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Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in Canadian Prison Inmates

Abstract: There was excellent SVR and adherence to treatment with interferon and ribavirin. This experience highlights an important opportunity to treat a population with a high prevalence of HCV-positive persons who may otherwise not seek treatment.

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Hepatitis C Prevalence and Responses to Pegylated Interferon + Ribavirin Treatment Among Prisoners

Hepatitis C Prevalence and Responses to Pegylated Interferon + Ribavirin Treatment Among Prisoners

Gait Transitions for Quasi-static Hexapedal Locomotion on Level Ground

Controversies in and challenges to our understanding of hepatitis C

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