“…Dyes are refractory pollutants and are treated using advanced treatment technologies (Asghar et al, 2020;Bello et al, 2020;Bahadur & Bhargava, 2019 ;Asghar, Raman, et al, 2017) such as fenton oxidation (Asghar, Abdul Raman, et al, 2017), ozonation (Wang et al, 2019), ultrasound (Asghar et al, 2020), electrochemical oxidation-reduction (Cortés et al, 2007), indirect electro-oxidation using strong oxidants (Liu et al, 2019), electrocoagulation (EC) (Huda et al, 2017), and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). AOPs show higher efficiency, however, result in high chemical consumption (Buthiyappan & Raman, 2019) and limit their wide applications (Khandegar & Saroha, 2013).…”