Treatment of Early-Stage Alzheimer’s Disease With CT Scans of the Brain: A Case Report

Cuttler, Jerry M.; Lamet, Maryélise S; Calabrese, Edward J.

doi:10.1177/15593258221078392

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This was the case with our patient, with the HBOT being started at an earlier age and in the earlier course of his cognitive deterioration, alongside the recommended antidementia treatment, and was maintained with prolong-term and regular HBOT intervention over a period of several years. A previous study reported a sustained HBOT benefit of one month in AD, and up to 6 months in amnestic MCI following only one course of HBOT [36]. Interestingly, prolonged HBOT sessions (43 in total) in an older patient with more advanced AD stage who was not on antidementia drugs but 'treated' with 6 CT brain scan sessions did not show these benefits [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The heterogeneity of reported clinical assessments and outcomes in case reports [29,34,37] and small studies [19,36], outcome measures and time recorded as well as the variability of reported HBOT protocols [40], makes it difficult to comment about the HBOT therapeutic impact in AD. The studies to date have indicated that one course of HBOT only temporarily ameliorates cognitive impairment in AD patients [36] and the effects may not be permanent. Furthermore, only one aspect of the AD clinical symptoms, cognitive performance, seems to have been addressed, but not the accompanying neuropsychiatric changes and/or quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy—a new hope for Alzheimer’s patients: a case report and literature review

Mukaetova-Ladinska,

Steptoe,

Critchfield

et al. 2023

Explor Neuroprot Ther

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The currently available pharmacological anti-dementia treatments provide only temporary and limited benefits. Not surprisingly, patients and professionals increasingly explore non-pharmacological interventions that may alleviate dementia symptoms. Among these interventions is hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). A brief review is presented on HBOT use in medicine, with its mode of action in dementia, specifically Alzheimer’s disease, as well as a case report of self-initiated HBOT in a 63-year-old man with a clinical diagnosis of probable Alzheimer’s disease. He had over 400 HBOT sessions [2–3 times weekly, with a duration of 30–50 min, in a multi-place hyperbaric chamber at 2 atmospheres absolute (ATA)] over 7 years and use of donepezil (10 mg daily) for the last 3 years when formally diagnosed by the National Health Service (NHS) Memory Service. The patient’s longitudinal neurocognitive and neuroradiological evidence over 7 years of follow-up remained stable (with no major cognitive decline and no behavioral changes) when compared to his initial presentation when diagnosed by the private health provider. His driving remains unimpaired, and he continues to be independent. This highlights the potential HBOT benefits including those on visuospatial ability and activities of daily living in people with Alzheimer’s disease. This case report argues for more extensive research into the clinical effects of HBOT in Alzheimer’s disease. Discussion of HBOT use is along with the latest advances in anti-amyloid immunotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease, as well as HBOT augmentation of current and novel dementia drug delivery via nanotechnology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy—a new hope for Alzheimer’s patients: a case report and literature review

Mukaetova-Ladinska,

Steptoe,

Critchfield

et al. 2023

Explor Neuroprot Ther

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“…After receiving four CT scans, the patient's mental clarity improved and even exhibited restored function of clarinet jazz-playing. The treatment was discontinued due to fears of adverse events however, further research is needed to assess if CT scans could serve a role in temporarily improving the quality of life of patients with AD in the future (Cuttler et al, 2022;Jebelli et al, 2022).…”

Section: Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Should artificial intelligence be used in conjunction with Neuroimaging in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease?

Mirkin

Albensi

2023

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, behavior, and other cognitive functions. Although there is no cure, detecting AD early is important for the development of a therapeutic plan and a care plan that may preserve cognitive function and prevent irreversible damage. Neuroimaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET), has served as a critical tool in establishing diagnostic indicators of AD during the preclinical stage. However, as neuroimaging technology quickly advances, there is a challenge in analyzing and interpreting vast amounts of brain imaging data. Given these limitations, there is great interest in using artificial Intelligence (AI) to assist in this process. AI introduces limitless possibilities in the future diagnosis of AD, yet there is still resistance from the healthcare community to incorporate AI in the clinical setting. The goal of this review is to answer the question of whether AI should be used in conjunction with neuroimaging in the diagnosis of AD. To answer the question, the possible benefits and disadvantages of AI are discussed. The main advantages of AI are its potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, improve the efficiency in analyzing radiographic data, reduce physician burnout, and advance precision medicine. The disadvantages include generalization and data shortage, lack of in vivo gold standard, skepticism in the medical community, potential for physician bias, and concerns over patient information, privacy, and safety. Although the challenges present fundamental concerns and must be addressed when the time comes, it would be unethical not to use AI if it can improve patient health and outcome.

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“…Similarly, a low dose of 100 mGy caused the downregulation of neural pathways associated with cognitive dysfunctions in normal human aging and Alzheimer's disease [99]. Recently, there were reports on individual cases of Alzheimer's that showed significant recovery of their cognitive and their intellectual capacities after low (40-80 mGy) or even higher doses of IR [100][101][102]. It is thought that these beneficial effects of low-dose IR are due to an adaptive response mobilizing cellular defense and signaling systems (antioxidants, etc.).…”

Section: Hormesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Dose Non-Targeted Effects and Mitochondrial Control

Averbeck

2023

IJMS

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Non-targeted effects (NTE) have been generally regarded as a low-dose ionizing radiation (IR) phenomenon. Recently, regarding long distant abscopal effects have also been observed at high doses of IR) relevant to antitumor radiation therapy. IR is inducing NTE involving intracellular and extracellular signaling, which may lead to short-ranging bystander effects and distant long-ranging extracellular signaling abscopal effects. Internal and “spontaneous” cellular stress is mostly due to metabolic oxidative stress involving mitochondrial energy production (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation and/or anaerobic pathways accompanied by the leakage of O2− and other radicals from mitochondria during normal or increased cellular energy requirements or to mitochondrial dysfunction. Among external stressors, ionizing radiation (IR) has been shown to very rapidly perturb mitochondrial functions, leading to increased energy supply demands and to ROS/NOS production. Depending on the dose, this affects all types of cell constituents, including DNA, RNA, amino acids, proteins, and membranes, perturbing normal inner cell organization and function, and forcing cells to reorganize the intracellular metabolism and the network of organelles. The reorganization implies intracellular cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling of important proteins, activation of autophagy, and mitophagy, as well as induction of cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, apoptosis, and senescence. It also includes reprogramming of mitochondrial metabolism as well as genetic and epigenetic control of the expression of genes and proteins in order to ensure cell and tissue survival. At low doses of IR, directly irradiated cells may already exert non-targeted effects (NTE) involving the release of molecular mediators, such as radicals, cytokines, DNA fragments, small RNAs, and proteins (sometimes in the form of extracellular vehicles or exosomes), which can induce damage of unirradiated neighboring bystander or distant (abscopal) cells as well as immune responses. Such non-targeted effects (NTE) are contributing to low-dose phenomena, such as hormesis, adaptive responses, low-dose hypersensitivity, and genomic instability, and they are also promoting suppression and/or activation of immune cells. All of these are parts of the main defense systems of cells and tissues, including IR-induced innate and adaptive immune responses. The present review is focused on the prominent role of mitochondria in these processes, which are determinants of cell survival and anti-tumor RT.

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Treatment of Early-Stage Alzheimer’s Disease With CT Scans of the Brain: A Case Report

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy—a new hope for Alzheimer’s patients: a case report and literature review

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy—a new hope for Alzheimer’s patients: a case report and literature review

Should artificial intelligence be used in conjunction with Neuroimaging in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease?

Low-Dose Non-Targeted Effects and Mitochondrial Control

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