Treatment of HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma with paclitaxel

Saville, M. Wayne; Lietzau, Jill; Pluda, James M.; Wilson, Wyndham H.; Humphrey, R.W.; Feigel, E.; Steinberg, Seth M.; Broder, Samuel; Yarchoan, Robert; Odom, Jeanne; Feuerstein, I.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)92654-2

Cited by 185 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…By affecting the microtubules and cellular vital processes in nonmitotic phases of the cell cycle, the drug inhibits the growth of either rapidly or slowly proliferating tumors (34). Recently, paclitaxel also has been found to be active in patients with advanced HIV-associated KS (35,36), and it has been approved for AIDS-KS as a second line therapy after anthracycline-based regimens (37)(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of Paclitaxel Activity in Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Sgadari

Toschi

Palladino

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

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Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disease characterized by proliferation of spindle-shaped cells predominantly of endothelial cell origin, neoangiogenesis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and edema. At least in early stage, KS behaves as a reactive lesion sustained by the action of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, has a polyclonal nature, and can regress. However, in time it can become monoclonal, especially in the nodular stage, evolving into a true sarcoma, likely in association with the increased expression of antiapoptotic oncogenes. We have recently demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis that Bcl-2, a proto-oncogene known to prolong cellular viability and to antagonize apoptosis, is highly expressed in spindle cells and vessels of both AIDS-KS and classical KS lesions and that its expression increases with lesion stage. Paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing drug known to inhibit Bcl-2 antiapoptotic activity and to be highly effective in the treatment of certain neoplasms, has recently been found to be active also in patients with advanced HIV-associated KS. In this report we investigated the mechanism(s) of paclitaxel activity in KS. By using a model of experimental KS induced by the inoculation of KS-derived spindle cells in nude mice and primary cultures of KS spindle cells, we found that paclitaxel promotes regression of KS lesions in vivo and that it blocks the growth, migration, and invasion of KS cells in vitro. Furthermore, paclitaxel treatment promoted apoptosis and down-regulated Bcl-2 protein expression in KS cells in vitro and in KS-like lesions in mice. Our results suggest that paclitaxel interferes with KS by down-regulating Bcl-2 antiapoptotic effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, paclitaxel has been shown to be active in AIDS-KS patients in phase II clinical trials (35,36), where it has been approved as a second line therapy after anthracyclines (37)(38)(39)(40).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Paclitaxel Activity in Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Sgadari

Toschi

Palladino

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

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“…Paclitaxel is a member of the taxane family of drugs used to treat ovarian, breast, lung, esophageal, prostate, bladder, and pancreatic cancer as well as Kaposi's sarcoma and melanoma [106]. This tubulin-targeting drug protects the microtubule polymer from disassembly by stabilizing it.…”

Section: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Herbs Against Paclitaxel-inducementioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Effects of Phytochemicals and Medicinal Herbs on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Lee

Kim

2016

Molecules

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Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent adverse effect of neurotoxic anticancer medicines. It leads to autonomic and somatic system dysfunction and decreases the patient's quality of life. This side effect eventually causes chemotherapy non-compliance. Patients are prompted to seek alternative treatment options since there is no conventional remedy for CIPN. A range of medicinal herbs have multifarious effects, and they have shown some evidence of efficacy in various neurological and immunological diseases. While CIPN has multiple mechanisms of neurotoxicity, these phytomedicines might offer neuronal protection or regeneration with the multiple targets in CIPN. Thus far, researchers have investigated the therapeutic benefits of several herbs, herbal formulas, and phytochemicals in preventing the onset and progress of CIPN in animals and humans. Here, we summarize current knowledge regarding the role of phytochemicals, herb extracts, and herbal formulas in alleviating CIPN.

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“…every 2 weeks) as single agents had activity, respectively, equivalent or superior to combinations ABV or BV with substantially reduced toxicity and an overall response rate of 46% (Kaplan et al, 1986;Gill et al, 1996;Tavio et al, 1996). Paclitaxel, at a dose of 135 mg/m 2 given every 3 weeks as a 3 h infusion, is considered the treatment of choice after failure of first-line chemotherapy with 59-71% response rate and bone marrow suppression, peripheral neuropathy, renal disfunction (Saville et al, 1995). Immunosuppression is a major problem in patients treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and because of immunodepression, patients may develop OI.…”

Section: Kaposi's Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%