Treatment of implant-associated infections with moxifloxacin: an animal study

Kalteis, T.; Beckmann, Johannes; Schröder, Hans-Jürgen; Schaumburger, Jens; Linde, Hans-Jörg; Lerch, K.; Lehn, Norbert

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.12.003

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Moxifloxacin is a relatively new antimicrobial agent with activity against staphylococci (23). In a rat model of implant-associated S. aureus osteomyelitis, moxifloxacin monotherapy significantly reduced the number of organisms recovered from bone, soft tissue, and the surface of the implanted device (25). In vitro biofilms of S. epidermidis clinical isolates have been shown to be decreased upon exposure to the quinolones pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin (52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effects of Antimicrobial Agents on Planktonic and Biofilm Forms of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Clinical Isolates

Frank

Reichert

Piper

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

119

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Staphylococcus lugdunensis is an atypically virulent coagulase-negative staphylococcal species associated with acute and destructive infections that often resemble Staphylococcus aureus infections. Several types of infection caused by S. lugdunensis (e.g., native valve endocarditis, prosthetic joint infection, and intravascular catheter infection) are associated with biofilm formation, which may lead to an inability to eradicate the infection due to the intrinsic nature of biofilms to resist high levels of antibiotics. In this study, planktonic MICs and MBCs and biofilm bactericidal concentrations of 10 antistaphylococcal antimicrobial agents were measured for 15 S. lugdunensis isolates collected from patients with endocarditis, medical device infections, or skin and soft tissue infections. Planktonic isolates were susceptible to all agents studied, but biofilms were resistant to high concentrations of most of the drugs. However, moxifloxacin was able to kill 73% of isolates growing in biofilms at <0.5 g/ml. Relative to the effect on cell density, subinhibitory concentrations of nafcillin substantially stimulated biofilm formation of most isolates, whereas tetracycline and linezolid significantly decreased biofilm formation in 93 and 80% of isolates, respectively. An unexpected outcome of MBC testing was the observation that vancomycin was not bactericidal against 93% of S. lugdunensis isolates, suggesting widespread vancomycin tolerance in this species. These data provide insights into the response of S. lugdunensis isolates when challenged with various levels of antimicrobial agents in clinical use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effects of Antimicrobial Agents on Planktonic and Biofilm Forms of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Clinical Isolates

Frank

Reichert

Piper

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

119

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“…Moxifloxacin was the most effective antibiotic even when tested against biofilms produced by periodontopathic bacteria such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus constellatus [26]. In a rat model of implant-related S. aureus osteomyelitis, moxifloxacin monotherapy significantly reduced the number of organisms recovered from bone, soft tissue and the surface of the implanted device [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of moxifloxacin on biofilms produced in vitro by bacterial pathogens involved in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Roveta

Schito

Marchese

et al. 2007

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…Newer quinolones like moxifloxacin are possible combination partners, which were supposed to be examined more closely in this study due to their improved spectrum of activity against gram positive, gram negative, and anaerobic pathogens as well as their good oral bioavailability, activity, and safety 2. The superiority of moxifloxacin compared with vancomycin was demonstrated in the treatment of prosthetic infections 3. In addition, the oral bioavailability is almost as high as on parenteral administration 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of antibiotic treatment of implant-associated <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> infections with moxifloxacin, flucloxacillin, rifampin, and combination therapy: an animal study

Greimel

Scheuerer

Gessner³

et al. 2017

DDDT

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The efficacy of antibiotic monotherapy and combination therapy in the treatment of implant-associated infection by Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated in an animal study. The femoral medullary cavity of 66 male Wistar rats was contaminated with S. aureus (ATCC 29213) and a metal device was implanted, of which 61 could be evaluated. Six treatment groups were studied: flucloxacillin, flucloxacillin in combination with rifampin, moxifloxacin, moxifloxacin in combination with rifampin, rifampin, and a control group with aqua. The treatment was applied for 14 days. After euthanasia, the bacterial counts in the periprosthetic bone, the soft tissue, and the implant-associated biofilm were measured. Both antibiotic combination treatments (moxifloxacin plus rifampin and flucloxacillin plus rifampin) achieved a highly significant decrease in microbial counts in the bone and soft tissue and in the biofilm. Mono-antibiotic treatments with either moxifloxacin or flucloxacillin were unable to achieve a significant decrease in microbial counts in bone and soft tissue or the biofilm, whilst rifampin was able to reduce the counts significantly only in the biofilm. Antibiotic resistance was measured in 1/3 of the cases in the rifampin group, whereas no resistance was measured in all other groups. The results show that combinations of both moxifloxacin and flucloxacillin plus rifampin are adequate for the treatment of periprosthetic infections due to infections with S. aureus , whereas monotherapies are not effective or not applicable due to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, moxifloxacin is an effective alternative in combination with rifampin for the treatment of implant-associated infections.

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Treatment of implant-associated infections with moxifloxacin: an animal study

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

In Vitro Effects of Antimicrobial Agents on Planktonic and Biofilm Forms of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Clinical Isolates

In Vitro Effects of Antimicrobial Agents on Planktonic and Biofilm Forms of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Clinical Isolates

Activity of moxifloxacin on biofilms produced in vitro by bacterial pathogens involved in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Efficacy of antibiotic treatment of implant-associated <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> infections with moxifloxacin, flucloxacillin, rifampin, and combination therapy: an animal study

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