Treatment of landfill leachate nanofiltration concentrate after ultrafiltration by electrochemically assisted heat activation of peroxydisulfate

Electro-Persulfate Processes for the Treatment of Complex Wastewater Matrices: Present and Future

“…Though less applied in hybrid persulfate electro-activation processes, traditional heat is one of the simplest methods for PS activation [ 23 ]. The energy input by the high temperature (>50 °C) causes the cleavage of the persulfate peroxide bond and sulfate radicals are formed according to Equations (21) and (22) [ 4 ].…”

“…Although heat is effective in PS activation, the energy demand is too high, which makes this method unfeasible for remediation processes on a large scale [ 4 ]. The introduction of an electrochemically assisted persulfate activation enhances the sulfate radical production and reduces the energy consumption of the heat-activated process [ 23 ].…”

“…Xue and collaborators [ 23 ] developed a heat-assisted electro/PDS/Fe 2+ process for the treatment of a landfill leachate nanofiltration concentrate. The process was carried in a H-type reactor, divided into two chambers by a proton exchange membrane.…”

“…Although heat is effective in PS activation, the energy demand is too high, which makes this method unfeasible for remediation processes on a large scale [4]. The introduction of an electrochemically assisted persulfate activation enhances the sulfate radical production and reduces the energy consumption of the heat-activated process [23]. Section 3 presents the main studies performed on the treatment of complex wastewater matrices by electro-persulfate processes, as well as the most relevant results and conclusions obtained.…”

“…Among the different studies involving the application of electro-persulfate processes in the treatment of complex wastewater matrices, there are a few that combined the electrochemical PS activation with irradiation or heat as co-activators [13,20,22,23,26,[41][42][43]. Table 5 summarizes the conditions used in the electro-persulfate studies involving coactivation by irradiation or heat, as well as the main results obtained.…”