Treatment of malaria from monotherapy to artemisinin-based combination therapy by health professionals in rural health facilities in southern Cameroon

Sayang, Collins; Gausseres, Mathieu; Vernazza-Licht, Nicole; Malvy, Denis; Bley, Daniel; Millet, Pascal

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-174

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The results of this study show an improvement of the situation in Cameroon in 2005, when prescribing records indicated that less than 15% of antimalarials prescribed were an ACT (Sayang et al. 2009b,c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…2009b,c). The use of quinine in non‐severe cases has fallen substantially since 2005 (Sayang et al. 2009b,c); though, it remains a concern: 16% of patients with symptoms of uncomplicated malaria were prescribed or received quinine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much less is known about malaria treatment practices in Cameroon. In the year following the introduction of ACT, Sayang et al. (2009b,c) found that few health workers were aware of the change in antimalarial drug policy, and facility records indicated that quinine was usually prescribed for adults and amodiaquine for children <5 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria prevalence and treatment of febrile patients at health facilities and medicine retailers in Cameroon

Mangham

Cundill

Achonduh

et al. 2011

Tropical Med Int Health

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Abstractobjective To investigate the quality of malaria case management in Cameroon 5 years after the adoption of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). Treatment patterns were examined in different types of facility, and the factors associated with being prescribed or receiving an ACT were investigated.methods A cross-sectional cluster survey was conducted among individuals of all ages who left public and private health facilities and medicine retailers in Cameroon and who reported seeking treatment for a fever. Prevalence of malaria was determined by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in consenting patients attending the facilities and medicine retailers.results Among the patients, 73% were prescribed or received an antimalarial, and 51% were prescribed or received an ACT. Treatment provided to patients significantly differed by type of facility: 65% of patients at public facilities, 55% of patients at private facilities and 45% of patients at medicine retailers were prescribed or received an ACT (P = 0.023). The odds of a febrile patient being prescribed or receiving an ACT were significantly higher for patients who asked for an ACT (OR = 24.1, P < 0.001), were examined by the health worker (OR = 1.88, P = 0.021), had not previously sought an antimalarial for the illness (OR = 2.29, P = 0.001) and sought treatment at a public (OR = 3.55) or private facility (OR = 1.99, P = 0.003). Malaria was confirmed in 29% of patients and 70% of patients with a negative result were prescribed or received an antimalarial.conclusions Malaria case management could be improved. Symptomatic diagnosis is inefficient because two-thirds of febrile patients do not have malaria. Government plans to extend malaria testing should promote rational use of ACT; though, the introduction of rapid diagnostic testing needs to be accompanied by updated clinical guidelines that provide clear guidance for the treatment of patients with negative test results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria prevalence and treatment of febrile patients at health facilities and medicine retailers in Cameroon

Mangham

Cundill

Achonduh

et al. 2011

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…In Cameroon, quinine has continued to be used as first-line therapy, with 45% of adults receiving oral quinine for uncomplicated malaria. 78 Recent surveillance data from sentinel sites in Uganda showed that quinine was prescribed for up to 90% of children younger than age 5 years with uncomplicated malaria. 79 Furthermore, this drug and its analogs are widely distributed to healthy children as preventive treatment (prophylaxis campaigns).…”

Section: Gene Polymorphisms and Risk For Ksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaposi’s sarcoma: Etiology and pathogenesis, inducing factors, causal associations, and treatments: Facts and controversies

Ruocco

Tornesello

et al. 2013

Clinics in Dermatology

101

105

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Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), an angioproliferative disorder, has a viral etiology and a multifactorial pathogenesis hinged on an immune dysfunction. The disease is multifocal, with a course ranging from indolent, with only skin manifestations to fulminant, with extensive visceral involvement. In the current view, all forms of KS have a common etiology in human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 infection, and the differences among them are due to the involvement of various cofactors. In fact, HHV-8 infection can be considered a necessary but not sufficient condition for the development of KS, because further factors (genetic, immunologic, and environmental) are required. The role of cofactors can be attributed to their ability to interact with HHV-8, to affect the immune system, or to act as vasoactive agents. In this contribution, a survey of the current state of knowledge on many and various factors involved in KS pathogenesis is carried out, in particular by highlighting the facts and controversies about the role of some drugs (quinine analogues and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) in the onset of the disease. Based on these assessments, it is possible to hypothesize that the role of cofactors in KS pathogenesis can move toward an effect either favoring or inhibiting the onset of the disease, depending on the presence of other agents modulating the pathogenesis itself, such as genetic predisposition, environmental factors, drug intake, or lymph flow disorders. It is possible that the same agents may act as either stimulating or inhibiting cofactors according to the patient's genetic background and variable interactions. Treatment guidelines for each form of KS are outlined, because a unique standard therapy for all of them cannot be considered due to KS heterogeneity. In most cases, therapeutic options, both local and systemic, should be tailored to the patient's peculiar clinical conditions.

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“…[13] At present, many pathogens mutate and become resistant to medication, so search for new agents (more destructive for a given pathogen) is still continuing. [14] New, effective agents against malaria are still among the most needed medicines. At times when most strains of Plasmodium have become resistant to currently used drugs, this type of research is particularly important and justified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Quinine, Quinidine, and Cinquinidine by Capillary Electrophoresis

Kluska

Marciniuk-Kluska

Prukała

et al. 2015

Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies

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This article presents the results of the research on a newly developed methodology for the separation and determination of quinine and its two derivatives. The analyzed compounds are biologically active, which are used in the treatment of malaria. The mixture of the analyzed compounds, i.e., hydrochlorides: quinidine, quinine, and cinquinidine, was dissolved in water and then exposed to optimization of separation and determination by isotachophoresis. The analysis was conducted with a varying number of steps and varying time of analysis, different intensities and voltages of the electric current, and different high voltage limits. For the ternary mixture, the optimal time of analysis was just over 8 min. On the other hand, the determination of cinquinidine had the shortest time of analysis (less than 3 min). The conducted validation of the developed methodology indicates very good conditions for the determination of quinidine, quinine, and cinquinidine.

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Treatment of malaria from monotherapy to artemisinin-based combination therapy by health professionals in rural health facilities in southern Cameroon

Abstract: Background: One year after the adoption of artesunate-amodiaquine (AS/AQ) as first-line therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, this study was designed to assess the treatment practices regarding anti-malarial drugs at health facilities in four rural areas in southern Cameroon.

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Malaria prevalence and treatment of febrile patients at health facilities and medicine retailers in Cameroon

Malaria prevalence and treatment of febrile patients at health facilities and medicine retailers in Cameroon

Kaposi’s sarcoma: Etiology and pathogenesis, inducing factors, causal associations, and treatments: Facts and controversies

Determination of Quinine, Quinidine, and Cinquinidine by Capillary Electrophoresis

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