Treatment of mange in horses

Se, Smith

doi:10.1136/vr.134.19.508

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…[206][207][208][209][210][211] Disminuye la motilidad intestinal y provoca alteraciones en intestino grueso, las cuales no responden a los tratamientos de rutina; la consecuencia final es la muerte o eutanasia del equino. 206,211 Todos los signos de toxicidad por amitraz se deben a su acción sobre receptores α-adrenérgicos, lo que ocasiona alteraciones en la coordinación de fibras musculares lisas y aumento en la absorción hidro-electrolítica a nivel de colon. 209 Aunque se ha sugerido que el atipamezol (0.15 mg/kg iv), un α-antagonista selectivo, puede disminuir los signos, su eficacia clínica es relativa.…”

Section: Otros Antiparasitariosunclassified

“…207,208,210 A la palpación rectal se percibe timpanismo del colon y deshidratación de la materia fecal. 207,210,211 Se ha postulado que la carga parasitaria en intestino es de importancia en la toxicidad del amitraz. 207,210 La administración subcutánea (sc) de 0.025 mL/kg de un compuesto con quinapiramina usado para el tratamiento de tripanosomiasis, ocasionó salivación e inquietud transitorias.…”

Section: Otros Antiparasitariosunclassified

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Reacciones adversas de los fármacos en los equinos

et al. 2020

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Artículo originalmente publicado en:Sumano López H, Lizárraga Madrigal I, Ocampo Camberos L, Obregón Jurgens K. Reacciones adversas de los fármacos en los equinos. Veterinaria México. 2000;31(4):329–54.- - - El conocimiento de las reacciones adversas a los fármacos (RAF), identificadas recientemente o ya conocidas de antemano, limita necesariamente la ocurrencia de iatrogenias y facilita la pronta recuperación de los pacientes equinos. Las RAF pueden ocurrir en cualquier momento y bajo una gran variedad de situaciones clínicas. Sin embargo, si los clínicos mantienen un programa de actualización en este tema en particular e identifican los mecanismos de acción que propiciaron una RAF, podrán administrar los fármacos con mayor certeza y margen de seguridad. Asimismo, los clínicos predecirán la presentación de algunas RAF y sugerirán el uso de un fármaco alternativo. Los objetivos de este estudio retrospectivo fueron la actualización del conocimiento sobre las RAF, identificación del modus operandi, incidencia, magnitud del daño que se pueda generar y, cuando es posible, el tratamiento adecuado. Se espera que de esta revisión se beneficien tanto los clínicos como sus pacientes equinos, pero adicionalmente se pretende favorecer el informe de hallazgos de RAF, con el fin de hacer cada vez más completo el conocimiento farmacológico de los medicamentos usados en la clínica de caballos.

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Section: Otros Antiparasitariosunclassified

Reacciones adversas de los fármacos en los equinos

et al. 2020

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“…The use of AMZ in horses is stated to be contraindicated (Smith, 1994) because of the common occurrence of severe colic when horses are sprayed with this acaricide. However, in some tropical countries such as Brazil, AMZ continues to be widely used in horses because it is a highly effective and economical tick killer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the antinociceptive and sedative effect of amitraz in horses

Queiroz-Neto

Zamur

Gonçalves

et al. 1998

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Amitraz, an acaricide used to control ectoparasites in animals has a complex pharmacological activity, including alpha2-adrenergic agonist action. The purpose of this research was to investigate the possible antinociceptive and/or sedative effect of amitraz in horses. The sedative effect of the intravenous (i.v.) injection of dimethylformamide (DMF, 5 mL, control) or amitraz (0.05, 0.10, 0.15 mg/kg), was investigated on the head ptosis test. The participation of alpha2-adrenergic receptors in the sedative effect provoked by amitraz was studied by dosing yohimbine (0.12 mg/kg, i.v.). To measure the antinociception, xylazine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg, i.v., positive control) and the same doses of amitraz and DMF were used. A focused radiant light/heat directed onto the fetlock and withers of a horse were used as a noxious stimulus to measure the hoof withdrawal reflex latency (HWRL) and the skin twitch reflex latency (STRL). The three doses of amitraz used (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 mg/kg) provoked a dose-dependent relaxation of the cervical muscles. The experiments with amitraz and xylazine on the HWRL showed that after i.v. administration of all doses of amitraz there was a significant increase of HWRL up to 150 min after the injections. Additionally, there was a significant difference between control (DMF) and positive control (xylazine) values up to 30 min after drug injection. On the other hand, the experiments on the STRL show that after administration of amitraz at the dose of 0.15 mg/kg, a significant increase in STRL was observed when compared with the control group. This effect lasted up to 120 min after injection. However, no significant antinociceptive effect was observed with the 0.05 and 0.10 mg/kg doses of amitraz or at the 1.0 mg/kg dose of xylazine.

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“…Horses intoxicated by amitraz show sleepiness, depression, ataxia, muscle weakness and colon impactation associated with low intestinal motility (Roberts and Seawright, 1983;Smith, 1994). Intravenous injection of 0.1mg/kg amitraz, diluted in dimetilformamide, produces sedation and reduces spontaneous locomotory activity in horses for 120 minutes (Harkins et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of behavioral and clinical effects of intravenous amitraz or romifidine administration in horses

Mendes

Reis

Valadão

et al. 2007

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Clinical and behavioral effects of intravenous injection of romifidine (60mcg/kg) or amitraz (0.4mg/kg) were compared in six horses, over 120 min. Romifidine caused head ptosis (HP), reduced respiratory rate (RR) and ileo-cecal sphincter activity (IC) until 120 minutes; produced posture changes (PC) until 90 minutes, upper eyelid drop (ED) and sedation (SD) until 60 minutes, intestinal motion (IM) reduction and lower lip drop (LD) until 45 minutes. Amitraz reduced heart rate (HR), RR, IM and IC, and promoted HP, ED, LD, penis drop (PD) and sedation with posture changes until 120min. At 90min amitraz produced HP and ED more intensively than romifidine. The LD was similar between 45 and 60 minutes. Romifidine produced intense sedation at 10min while amitraz sedation was more significant between 90 and 120 minutes. It is concluded that both romifidine and amitraz can produce strong sedation until 60 and 120 minutes, respectively. Though amitraz sedation and posture changes had a later onset related to romifidine, these effects lasted longer.Keywords: horse, amitraz, romifidine, sedation (corresponding address) RESUMO Compararam-se os efeitos sedativos e clínicos em seis eqüinos tratados com romifidina (60mcg/kg) ou amitraz (0,4mg/kg), pela via intravenosa, durante 120 minutos. A romifidina promoveu ptose da cabeça (PC), reduziu a freqüência respiratória (FR) e o movimento da válvula íleo-cecal (MC) durante 120 minutos, provocou alteração postural (AP) por 90 minutos, induziu ptose palpebral (PP) e sedação (SD) por 60 minutos, diminuiu a motilidade intestinal (MI) e causou ptose labial (PL) durante 45 minutos. O amitraz reduziu a freqüência cardíaca (FR), FR, MI e MC e provocou PC, PP, PL

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Treatment of mange in horses

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Reacciones adversas de los fármacos en los equinos

Reacciones adversas de los fármacos en los equinos

Characterization of the antinociceptive and sedative effect of amitraz in horses

Comparison of behavioral and clinical effects of intravenous amitraz or romifidine administration in horses

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