Treatment of Mastitis in Cattle

Royster, E.; Wagner, Sarah

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2014.11.010

Cited by 67 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This study was carried out in accordance with most experimental guidelines adopted in formal literature, either when comparing intramammary vs parenteral administration of drugs (Kalmus et al., ) or when assessing efficacy of drugs administered through the same route (Rosyter & Wagner, ). Thus, it is reasonable to regard data obtained as reliable and reproducible, particularly because GPower analysis exhibited a potency of 0.98.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical cases were classified according the proposed scale by Rosyter and Wagner (), which is based on the presence or absence of local and systemic signs as follows: mild, if the milk was visually abnormal (clots, flakes, watery consistency); moderate, if the milk was visually abnormal and firmness or swelling of the affected quarter is detected; severe, when milk was coarsely abnormal, firmness or swelling of the affected quarter, is evident and there are systemic signs such as fever, dehydration and/or depression. Thus, cows selected for this trial presented clinical signs of mastitis mild or moderate (nonsevere) such as reduced milk production and altered milk appearance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical and bacteriological cures were recorded based on previous established criteria by Rosyter and Wagner (), Degen, Paduch, Hoedemaker, and Krömke (), and Oliveira, Hulland, and Ruegg (). The former was defined as the absence of inflammatory signs in the affected gland and the lack of milk abnormalities on the fourth day and onwards after the first intramammary administration of a given treatment; the latter occurred when the causative pathogen was not isolated from milk samples after 7, 14, and 21 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Efficacy assessment of an intramammary treatment with a new recrystallized enrofloxacin vs ceftiofur and parenteral enrofloxacin in dairy cows with nonsevere clinical mastitis

Viveros

López-Ordaz

Gutiérrez

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Funding information CONACyTA recrystallized form of enrofloxacin as dehydrate-HCl (enro-C) was assessed for bacteriological and clinical cure efficacies in Holstein-Friesian cows affected of nonsevere clinical mastitis. Treatments were enro-C susp (n = 81), treated with a pharmaceutical suspension of enro-C/quarter; group enro-C pd (n = 80) treated as above, but using enro-C powder suspended in water; group CF (n = 65), treated with ceftiofur HCl/ quarter; and group enro R (n = 66), treated with standard enrofloxacin solution (5 mg/ kg, intramuscular). Cows had a mean milk production of 31 L/day and were 2-3 lactational periods old. Treatments were administered every 24 hr for 3 days. Groups treated with enro-C exhibited statistically significant (p > .05) better clinical cure as compared to groups treated with CF or enro R (95.06%, 96.25%, 67.79%, and 57.55%, for enro-C susp , enro-C pd , CF, and enro R , respectively). In contrast, probability of bacteriological cure was not statistically different among treatments. Yet, the outstanding clinical and bacteriological cure rates obtained for enro-C for nonsevere cases of mastitis is superior to previously reported data for parenteral enrofloxacin and other antibacterial-intramammary treatments. Impact of using enro-C on the rate and pattern of bacterial resistance, somatic cell counts and milk electric conductivity, must be studied. Also, the use of enro-C for complicated cases of mastitis should be studied and milk withdrawal times must be accurately established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficacy assessment of an intramammary treatment with a new recrystallized enrofloxacin vs ceftiofur and parenteral enrofloxacin in dairy cows with nonsevere clinical mastitis

Viveros

López-Ordaz

Gutiérrez

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…Furthermore, mammary tissue is exposed to the drug for a longer time than during lactation. Also, the risk of exposing cows to bacteria during milking procedures is minimal, and the udder has more time to regenerate damaged tissues (Royster and Wagner 2015). If rbEGF is ineffective as a treatment of S aureus IMI in ewes that are not being milked, it will most likely be not effective as a treatment during lactation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of recombinant bovine epidermal growth factor in the treatment of experimental subclinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in a ewe model

Gabadage

Chirino‐Trejo

Campbell

et al. 2017

Veterinary Record Open

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Staphylococcus aureus is the most common contagious mastitis pathogen of dairy cattle. Antimicrobial treatment of infected cattle results in variable cure rates. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in the modulation of host innate immune responses and the regulation of mammary epithelial regeneration, indicating that EGF may be useful as a treatment for mastitis. A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of recombinant bovine EGF (rbEGF) for the treatment of S aureus intramammary infection (IMI) using an ovine model. Each ewe was experimentally infected with S aureus in both udder halves. One udder half of each ewe received one of two treatments: EGF (n=13) or pirlimycin (n=13). The contralateral udder half of each ewe received sterile saline as a control. The bacteriological cure rate following rbEGF was significantly lower (15 per cent) than that attained with pirlimycin hydrochloride (61 per cent) and did not differ from that following treatment with sterile saline. Cure rates following treatment with rbEGF were not significantly different to those following sterile saline. Given that EGF is associated with modulation of host immunity and wound healing, future studies into EGF should not focus on whether EGF increases cure rates of S aureus IMI.

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“…Mastitis is the most common disease in dairy herds worldwide with multifactorial aetiology, including bacterial pathogens causing local pain and reduced milk synthesis [16, 17]. Both duration and severity of mastitis have been suggested to depend on interactions between inflammatory stimuli and the host immune response [18, 19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus and Lipopolysaccharide Modulate Gene Expressions of Drug Transporters in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells Correlation to Inflammatory Biomarkers

et al. 2016

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Inflammation in the mammary gland (mastitis) is the most common disease in dairy herds worldwide, often caused by the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Little is known about the effects of mastitis on drug transporters and the impact on transporter-mediated excretion of drugs into milk. We used murine mammary epithelial HC11 cells, after lactogenic differentiation into a secreting phenotype, and studied gene expressions of ABC- and SLC- transporters after treatment of cells with S. aureus and lipopolysaccharide, an endotoxin secreted by E. coli. The studied transporters were Bcrp, Mdr1, Mrp1, Oatp1a5, Octn1 and Oct1. In addition, Csn2, the gene encoding β-casein, was analyzed. As biomarkers of the inflammatory response, gene expressions of the cytokines Il6 and Tnfα and the chemokine Cxcl2 were determined. Our results show that S. aureus and LPS treatment of cells, at non-cytotoxic concentrations, induced an up-regulation of Mdr1 and of the inflammatory biomarkers, except that Tnfα was not affected by lipopolysaccharide. By simple regression analysis we could demonstrate statistically significant positive correlations between each of the transporters with each of the inflammatory biomarkers in cells treated with S. aureus. The coefficients of determination (R2) were 0.7–0.9 for all but one correlation. After treatment of cells with lipopolysaccharide, statistically significant correlations were only found between Mdr1 and the two parameters Cxcl2 and Il6. The expression of Csn2 was up-regulated in cells treated with S. aureus, indicating that the secretory function of the cells was not impaired. The strong correlation in gene expressions between transporters and inflammatory biomarkers may suggest a co-regulation and that the transporters have a role in the transport of cytokines and chemokines. Our results demonstrate that transporters in mammary cells can be affected by infection, which may have an impact on transport of essential compounds and contaminants into milk.

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Treatment of Mastitis in Cattle

Cited by 67 publications

References 54 publications

Efficacy assessment of an intramammary treatment with a new recrystallized enrofloxacin vs ceftiofur and parenteral enrofloxacin in dairy cows with nonsevere clinical mastitis

Efficacy assessment of an intramammary treatment with a new recrystallized enrofloxacin vs ceftiofur and parenteral enrofloxacin in dairy cows with nonsevere clinical mastitis

Efficacy of recombinant bovine epidermal growth factor in the treatment of experimental subclinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in a ewe model

Staphylococcus aureus and Lipopolysaccharide Modulate Gene Expressions of Drug Transporters in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells Correlation to Inflammatory Biomarkers

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