Treatment of mucocutaneous herpes simplex infections

Seidlin, Mindell; Strausau, Stephen E.

doi:10.1016/0738-081x(84)90070-1

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 123 publications

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“…: Toivanen et al 1981;Webster et al 1982;Aymard et al 1984;Schiller et al 1991;Ahmed et al 1996). Likewise, studies questioned the efficacy of levamisole in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (Dinai and Pras 1975) or skin infections (Chang and Fiumara 1978;Seidlin and Straus 1984;Sanchez 2000).…”

Section: Side Effects Of Tetramisole and Levamisole Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Tetramisole and Levamisole Suppress Neuronal Activity Independently from Their Inhibitory Action on Tissue Non-specific Alkaline Phosphatase in Mouse Cortex

Nowak

Rosay

Czégé

et al. 2015

Subcellular Biochemistry

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Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) may be involved in the synthesis of GABA and adenosine, which are the main inhibitory neurotransmitters in cortex. We explored this putative TNAP function through electrophysiological recording (local field potential ) in slices of mouse somatosensory cortex maintained in vitro. We used tetramisole, a well documented TNAP inhibitor, to block TNAP activity. We expected that inhibiting TNAP with tetramisole would lead to an increase of neuronal response amplitude, owing to a diminished availability of GABA and/or adenosine. Instead, we found that tetramisole reduced neuronal response amplitude in a dose-dependent manner. Tetramisole also decreased axonal conduction velocity. Levamisole had identical effects. Several control experiments demonstrated that these actions of tetramisole were independent from this compound acting on TNAP. In particular, tetramisole effects were not stereo-specific and they were not mimicked by another inhibitor of TNAP, MLS-0038949. The decrease of axonal conduction velocity and preliminary intracellular data suggest that tetramisole blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels. Our results imply that levamisole or tetramisole should not be used with the sole purpose of inhibiting TNAP in living excitable cells as it will also block all processes that are activity-dependent. Our data and a review of the literature indicate that tetramisole may have at least four different targets in the nervous system. We discuss these results with respect to the neurological side effects that were observed when levamisole and tetramisole were used for medical purposes, and that may recur nowadays due to the recent use of levamisole and tetramisole as cocaine adulterants.

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