Treatment of Neural Anosmia by Topical Application of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor–Gelatin Hydrogel in the Nasal Cavity

Abstract

As a gelatin hydrogel degrades slowly in the body, bFGF is gradually released around the site of the lesion; thus, it constantly exerts its effects on neural regeneration.

The effectiveness of platelet‐rich plasma in an anosmia‐induced mice model

“…There are four different types of cells in the olfactory neuroepithelium: mature, immature, basal cells, and supporting cells. Basal cells are located in the bottom epithelial layer and are the only neuronal cells capable of regeneration, unlike in other sensory organs . Therefore, treatment is possible by using the regenerative potential of the basal membrane.…”

“…Lee et al reported a significant improvement in anosmia after olfactory neuroepithelial stem cell transplantation in mice . Nota et al found significant improvement in anosmia in their study group (anosmia‐induced mice) after infiltration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) …”

“…Basal cells are located in the bottom epithelial layer and are the only neuronal cells capable of regeneration, unlike in other sensory organs. 6,17 Therefore, treatment is possible by using the regenerative potential of the basal membrane. If local growth factors or stem cells are applied to this region, they may trigger this potential.…”

“…Degeneration in the neurons of the olfactory fossa due to any cause may result in anosmia or hyposmia . However, it has been shown that growth factors topically induce neuronal regeneration in animal models, and the use of stem cell applications has been reported in various studies conducted in such models …”

“…4 However, it has been shown that growth factors topically induce neuronal regeneration in animal models, and the use of stem cell applications has been reported in various studies conducted in such models. 5,6 Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentration that is obtained by centrifuging the blood sample of a patient or experimental animal. It contains more growth factors than the blood, and promotes and accelerates healing through these and neurotrophic factors.…”