Treatment of organic-contaminated industrial wastes using cement-based stabilization/solidification?I. Microstructural analysis of cement-organic interactions

Spectroscopic Studies on Indian Portland Cement Hydrated with Distilled Water and Sea Water

“…This is due to the presence of mineral ions and hence accelerates the hydration. The percentage of unreacted cement clinker (C 3 S (2θ = 32.2°), C 2 S (2θ = 32.5°)),in different hydration time intervals for DW, SW treated pastes were evaluated according to the method described by Montgomery etal., [23].The results are given in Table 3. The results shows that the % of unreacted C 3 S and C 2 S are decreases in DW treated cement with hydration time and this value in the present work are agreed with those reported by [17].For SW treated cement, the rate of decrease in percentage of unreacted C 3 S are higher up to 1 week when compared to DW cement paste but at 4 weeks the rate of decrease of percentage of unreacted C 3 S and C 2 S arelower.…”

“…Also the decreased g-factor values reflect the structural changes of Fe(III) ions to Fe(II) ions. This structural change has affected the spin Hamiltonian parameters [23,26].The availability of Fe(III) ions and Mn(II) ions are reduced and hence the g-factor values have gradually decreased on standing up to 4 weeks. Due to accelerating nature of SW, the g Fe values are higher at 1 hour onwards when compared to DW.…”

Cement-based stabilization/solidification of oil refinery sludge: Leaching behavior of alkanes and PAHs

“…Chlorophenol was found in crystals in the cement paste which also contained calcium. Chloronaphthalene was immiscible with the inorganic cement matrix and had no effect on hydration [8].…”

Mechanical and Leaching Behavior of a Stabilized and Solidified Anthracene-Contaminated Soil

“…Conner (1993) indicated that S-S with addition of cement-based binders is an established treatment technology for soils contaminated with inorganic compounds whereas relatively limited experience exists for its application to organic compounds, in particular petroleum hydrocarbons. Organic compounds retard the cement setting process and affect the cement hydration by retarding reaction via formation of a protective film around the cement grain, hindering the formation of calcium hydroxide (Chandra and Flodin 1987;Edmeades and Hewlett 1998;Montgomery et al 1991a;Sora et al 2002). Gussoni et al (2004) conducted experimental tests by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging to investigate the cementation and hardening of cement in the absence and presence of organic compounds in soil.…”