Treatment of patent ductus arteriosus by placement of two intravascular embolisation coils in a puppy

Abstract

A 14-week-old border collie with a history of exercise intolerance was confirmed to have a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) from colour flow Doppler echocardiography. Under general anaesthesia, angiography was performed to gauge accurately the width of the ductus, and then two intravascular embolisation coils were introduced into the ductus via percutaneous catheterisation of the femoral vein. The coils were both 8 mm in diameter, each with four loops. This led to an immediate disappearance of the murmur. Some slight residual flow was detected at the time of the procedure by angiography, but by 10 days postoperatively there was no PDA flow detectable. The time taken to complete the procedure was 55 minutes, with a total fluoroscopy time of 15 minutes. Placement of intravascular embolisation coils represents a viable alternative to traditional surgical methods of ductus closure.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Coil Occlusion for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Dogs

“…However, there are no guidelines in terms of the number to use and method of use of coils for patients with PDA. We prefer to use one coil based on cost, while other institutions prefer multiple coil occulusion [4]. The present study proved that our method can achieve good results.…”

“…Historically, surgical ligation has been the standard method of correction, however, transarterial PDA coil embolization is offered by many specialty centers for PDA occlusion as a safe, cost effective, and less invasive alternative. There are many case reports of transarterial PDA coil embolization [4][5][6][7], and we reported the first Japanese case of transarterial PDA coil embolization in a dog in 2001 [13]. In the early days, dislodgement of the coil in the pulmonary artery was frequently reported because of use of a "push-out" type of device.…”

“…Although surgical ligation has been recommended for all cases of left-to-right shunting PDA [1,2], the alternative method of transcatheter coil occlusion has been used in the veterinary field [4,6,7,10,11,13]. Transcatheter coil occlusion is superior in terms of invasiveness and is widely accepted by owners.…”

Hemolysis Associated with Patent Ductus Arteriosus Coil Embolization in a Dog

“…Transcatheter closure of a PDA with detachable coils has been accepted as an alternative treatment modality for dogs with PDA. [5][6][7] Transcatheter occlusion of a PDA can be complicated by protrusion of the device causing obstruction of the pulmonary artery or aorta, 8 as well as by embolization of the device into the pulmonary or systemic circulation. 5,[9][10][11] Ductus arteriosus endarteritis, 12 vascular trauma, and femoral artery hemorrhage are other potentially fatal complications.…”

Supplemental Embolization Coil Implantation for Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in a Beagle Dog.

“…Advantages and disadvantages regarding cost, safety and therapeutic effect have been discussed, comparing the procedure with the thoracotomy method [12]. Application of embolization coil occlusion for veterinary medicine has been very limited and only few cases have been reported in dogs [4][5][6][15][16]. In the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Veterinary Teaching Hospital, closures of PDA in three Welsh Corgi puppies were conducted successfully in 1999 [16].…”