Treatment of perchlorate in drinking water: A critical review

On the stability of perchlorate ions against reductive attacks in electrochemical systems and in the environment

“…Even though some of these have been adopted for drinking water treatment, the optimization of cost, selectivity, and effective treatment is still a serious problem [37][38][39]. The electrochemical treatment method is one of the methods [20] considered applicable for solving the perchlorate contamination [24][25][26].…”

“…As mentioned above, the problem of perchlorate contamination of ground waters is nowadays an important environmental issue [24,[37][38][39], and several methods were suggested and elaborated for reductive elimination of prove that the rate and extent of the reduction process could also be very characteristic [97]. Under suitable chosen experimental conditions, even this process could be the predominant reaction in the dissolution of metallic cobalt in the presence of 4 ClO − .…”

Groundwater-quality data from the National Water-Quality Assessment Project, January through December 2014 and select quality-control data from May 2012 through December 2014

“…Most arsenic and chromium in groundwater is from geologic sources in rocks and soils. Perchlorate is an inorganic constituent used in rocket fuels, fireworks, safety flares, and other products; it is present in some fertilizers and may occur naturally at low concentrations in groundwater (Srinivasan and Sorial, 2009;Jackson and others, 2015).…”

Conventional Media Filtration with Biological Activities

“…The important design parameters are EBCT, C/N ratio (the ratio of external carbon to nitrate nitrogen), pH and temperature. Perchlorate occurs in water due to natural presence or manufacturing for ammonia perchlorate (Srinivasan and Sorial 2009). Being a strong oxidant, perchlorate was used as solids propellants for rockets and missiles or used for fireworks.…”