Treatment of the Idiopathic Respiratory-Distress Syndrome With a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

Comparison of HFNC, bubble CPAP and SiPAP on aerosol delivery in neonates: An in‐vitro study

“…Both Gregory et al (1971) and Kattwinkel et al (1973) They also noted that the oxygen requirement and the mortality rate were higher in infants who failed CPAP. Two infants developed pneumothorax, and none had CLD.…”

“…They found that there is no difference in the effects of CPAP applied through either system; with increasing CPAP levels, P a O 2 increased and minute ventilation decreased without affecting P a CO 2 , pH, arterial blood pressure, or lung compliance. Therefore, they concluded that CPAP increases P a O 2 by improving the distribution of ventilation to perfusion instead of increasing alveolar ventilation (Gregory, Kitterman, Phibbs, Tooley, & Hamilton, 1971). …”

“…The small nasal tubes had an outer diameter of 4.5 mm, a length of around 1 cm, and only a small resistance. The rest of the CPAP device was similar to that illustrated by Gregory et al (1971). NCPAP with a level up to 12 cm H 2 O was applied to 22 infants with severe RDS whose birth weight was between 960 and 2500 gm, and whose gestational age was between 28 and 36 weeks.…”

Surfactant Phospholipid Metabolism in 3-Day and 3-Day Postmature Rabbits In Vivo

“…Such studies have resulted in clinical tests to predict lung maturity in utero (9, lo), in methods to "induce" lung maturation in utero with corticosteroids (27,33), and in improved therapy for infants with the respiratory distress syndrome (13,34). Recent studies in rats (19), lambs (I), and rabbits (30) suggest that surfactant replacement therapy may be applicable to the human; however, the basic difference between lung surfactant metabolism between perinatal and adult mammals have been used to study subcellular synthesis, storage, and secretion of phosphatidylcholine in fetal (26), premature (23), term newborn (14,24), and adult rabbits (21,25).…”

Liberação de pressão de vias aéreas em pacientes pediátricos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca

“…Nos pacientes com lesão pulmonar aguda e complacência pulmonar diminuída, a utilização da pressão positiva contínua em vias aéreas (CPAP) está indicada com o objetivo de melhorar a capacidade residual funcional (CRF) e promover uma melhor oxigenação 12 . Porém, em determinados pacientes com hipercapnia, somente isto não é suficiente, pois não ocorre melhora da ventilação alveolar e, habitualmente, emprega-se a ventilação pulmonar mecânica convencional com a utilização da ventilação mandatória intermitente (VMI), o que acarreta uma elevação significativa da pressão média das vias aéreas aumentando o risco de barotrauma e/ou volutrauma e o de alterações cardiocirculatórias 20,11,16 .…”