2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2010.08.009
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Treatment of unstable distal clavicle fractures with Knowles pin

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Cited by 34 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…These techniques include Kirschner wires [8], tension band fixation with either wires or sutures [4,16], coracoclavicular fixation with either screws, button, or suture anchors [1,2,17,27,32], and intramedullary pin fixation [11]. Despite the numerous techniques available for distal clavicle fractures, no single one has proven superior (Table 3).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These techniques include Kirschner wires [8], tension band fixation with either wires or sutures [4,16], coracoclavicular fixation with either screws, button, or suture anchors [1,2,17,27,32], and intramedullary pin fixation [11]. Despite the numerous techniques available for distal clavicle fractures, no single one has proven superior (Table 3).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The unstable fractures seem to represent more challenges because of the loss of attachment of the CC ligaments to the clavicle. A variety of methods of surgical fixation to treat these unstable fractures have been previously reported, including Kirschner wires [3], Knowles pins [8,9], tension band fixation [10,11], CC fixation with sutures [12] or screws [13,14], and plate fixation [15-18]. However, there is no current consensus regarding which method is the most suitable.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In total, 405 patients with a distal clavicle fracture were included in the 21 selected studies. Excluded from the analysis were 13 patients with non-union at inclusion in the study (Meda et al 2006, Kalamaras et al 2008, Kaipel et al 2010), 16 patients with non-operative treatment, 7 patients with a Neer type-III fracture (Meda et al 2006), 17 patients who were lost to follow-up, and 2 minors (Webber and Haines 2000, Kalamaras et al 2008, Jou et al 2011), leaving the data on 350 patients for analysis. The mean number of patients with a complete follow-up was 17 (6–44) per study.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the group using different types of plate fixation, distal radial locking plates were used in 20 patients (Kalamaras et al 2008, Herrmann et al 2009, Yu et al 2009) and double plates in 9 patients (Kaipel et al 2010) (Table 2B, see Supplementary data). As intramedullary fixation, Knowles pins were used in 68 patients (Fann et al 2004, Wang and Wong 2008, Jou et al 2011), coracoclavicular screws in 30 patients (Fazal et al 2007), and malleolar screws in 10 patients (Scadden and Richards 2005) (Table 2C, see Supplementary data). For the group with suture anchoring or tension bands, K-wires with suture anchoring were used in 10 patients (Bezer et al 2005), tension-band suturing in 43 patients (Rokito et al 2002, Badhe et al 2007, Shin et al 2009), vicryl tape in 6 patients (Othman 2002), and a Dacron arterial graft in 11 patients (Webber and Haines 2000) (Table 2D, see Supplementary data).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%