Treatment of Urethral Stricture in a Female-to-Male Transsexual with a Tubulized Flap from the Labia Minora

Abstract

Urethral strictures are not uncommon after microvascular phalloplasty in female-to-male transsexuals, and usually are secondary to technical errors or vascular complications. A case of a female-to-male transsexual with recalcitrant urethral stricture after microvascular phalloplasty is reported. After one unsuccessful attempt at direct repair and a failed grafting procedure, a tubulized island flap from the remnants of the labia minora was successfully used to reconstruct the urethral stenosis. Current options for treatment of urethral stenoses in female-to-male transsexuals are discussed.

Female Urethral Reconstruction

“…There have been rare reports of urethral stricture resulting from urethral tuberculosis [5], vulvar dystrophy [6], lichen sclerosis [7], primary urethral carcinoma [8], urethral fibroepithelial polyps [9], urethral leiomyoma [10], bladder drainage of pancreatic transplants [11], post-transurethral resection of a bladder tumor [12], sacrococcygeal teratoma [13], or transsexual reconstruction [14]. …”

Female Urethroplasty: A new hope for better quality of life

“…primary urethral carcinoma, urethral fibroepithelial polyps, urethral leiomyoma 10 . bladder drainage of pancreatic transplants, post-transurethral resection of a bladder tumor, or transsexual reconstruction 11 .…”

Female urethral stricture disease

“…There are also isolated case series that include etiologies as diverse as urethral tuberculosis [ 14 ], vulvar dystrophy [ 15 ], lichen sclerosis [ 16 ], primary carcinoma [ 17 ], urethral fi broepithelial polyps [ 18 ], urethral leiomyoma [ 19 ], and in bladder-drained pancreatic transplants [ 20 ], as well as following post-transurethral resection of bladder tumor [ 21 ], resection of sacrococcygeal teratoma [ 22 ], and after female-to-male transsexual reconstruction [ 23 ].…”