Treatment of Vasospastic Amaurosis Fugax with Calcium-Channel Blockers

Winterkorn, Jacqueline M.S.; Kupersmith, Mark J.; Wirtschafter, Jonathan D.; Forman, Scott

doi:10.1056/nejm199308053290604

Cited by 143 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This mechanism was also present in the patient of Arning et al [3] , whereas the mechanism of ischemia was not reported in remaining 3 patients [4,5] . Spasm of the retinal arteries causing amaurosis fugax has been reported [6] but has not been described to accompany vasospasm of the cervical carotid artery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Spontaneous Vasospasm of Cervical Carotid, Ophthalmic and Retinal Arteries Causing Repeated Retinal Infarcts: A Case Report

Mosso¹,

Jung²,

Baumgartner³

2007

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Spontaneous Vasospasm of Cervical Carotid, Ophthalmic and Retinal Arteries Causing Repeated Retinal Infarcts: A Case Report

Mosso¹,

Jung²,

Baumgartner³

2007

Cerebrovasc Dis

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“…Interestingly, vasospasms have been shown to be a cause of TMB [1,31,32]. It has been suggested that disturbances in venous outflow might precipitate vasospasms [11,33], thereby indicating that vasospasms may be a consequence rather than a causal event [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jugular Venous Reflux Affects Ocular Venous System in Transient Monocular Blindness

Chung

Hsu²,

Chao

et al. 2009

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: The frequency of jugular venous reflux (JVR) is higher in patients with transient monocular blindness (TMB). We hypothesize that JVR influences ocular venous outflow, and resulting disturbances in cerebral and ocular venous circulation might be a cause of TMB. To substantiate this hypothesis, we aimed to demonstrate that: (1) TMB patients have vasculature changes in their retinal venules, and (2) JVR could influence ocular venous outflow, as revealed by dilated retinal venules. Methods: This study has 2 parts. The case-control study included 31 TMB patients and 31 age/gender-matched normal individuals, who all received fundus photography for retinal venule diameter comparisons. The Valsalva maneuver (VM) experiment included 30 healthy volunteers who received both color Doppler imaging of the internal jugular vein and fundus photography for retinal venule diameter measurement. Results: In the case-control study, TMB patients had a wider retinal venule diameter (184.5 ± 17.5 vs. 174.3 ± 16.2 µm, right eye, p = 0.023; 194.20 ± 24.6 vs. 176.6 ± 19.5 µm, left eye, p = 0.017), especially TMB patients with JVR. The VM experiments showed that the presence of JVR was associated with a greater increase in retinal venule diameters during VM in the subjects’ right eye (14.27 ± 11.16 vs. 2.75 ± 3.51%, JVR vs. non-JVR, p = 0.0002) and left eye (10.06 ± 6.42 vs. 1.80 ± 2.03%, p = 0.0003). Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that frequently occurring JVR associated with TMB impedes ocular venous outflow, and the subsequent disturbances in ocular venous circulation may be a cause of TMB.

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“…1 Ophthalmoscopic examinations during attacks have revealed either arterial or venous constriction. [1][2][3][4] Vessel narrowing is presumed to be caused by either the release of vasospastic mediators or reduced arterial flow. 1,4 In some instances, vasomotor constriction may ultimately result in vascular retinopathy.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasospastic Amaurosis Fugax

Bernard¹

1999

Arch Ophthalmol

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Treatment of Vasospastic Amaurosis Fugax with Calcium-Channel Blockers

Cited by 143 publications

References 23 publications

Recurrent Spontaneous Vasospasm of Cervical Carotid, Ophthalmic and Retinal Arteries Causing Repeated Retinal Infarcts: A Case Report

Recurrent Spontaneous Vasospasm of Cervical Carotid, Ophthalmic and Retinal Arteries Causing Repeated Retinal Infarcts: A Case Report

Jugular Venous Reflux Affects Ocular Venous System in Transient Monocular Blindness

Vasospastic Amaurosis Fugax

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