Treatment with fungicides and insecticides on the physiological quality and health of wheat seeds

Abstract

-Seed treatment with insecticides and fungicides has become an important practice for ensuring initial plant stand in establishing crops. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of chemical seed treatment with insecticides and fungicides on the physiological quality and health of the seeds of wheat cultivars. Seeds of the wheat cultivars BRS Pardela and BRS Gaivota were used, subjected to the following chemical treatments: 1-control, 2-carboxin + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb, 3-carbendazim + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb, 4-fipronil + thiophanate-methyl + pyraclostrobin, 5-triadimenol + imidacloprid + thiodicarb, 6-fipronil, and 7-imidacloprid + thiodicarb. Physiological quality was evaluated by tests of germination, accelerated aging, the length and dry weight of shoots and roots, and seedling emergence in the field. Seed health quality was evaluated by the blotter test method. The seeds of the wheat cultivars tested respond differently to the chemical treatments in regard to effects on germination and vigor. The treatment with triadimenol + imidacloprid + thiodicarb is harmful to seedling development. For the BRS Gaivota cultivar, the seed treatment with carboxin + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb; and carbendazim + thiram + imidacloprid + thiodicarb improved seedling establishment in the field compared to the control.Index terms: Triticum aestivum L., seed treatment, germination, vigor.Tratamento com fungicidas e inseticidas na qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de trigo RESUMO -O tratamento de sementes com inseticidas e fungicidas tem se tornado uma prática importante para assegurar o estande inicial de plantas na implantação das lavouras. Diante disso, o objetivo foi avaliar a influência do tratamento químico de sementes com inseticidas e fungicidas sobre a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de cultivares de trigo. Foram utilizadas sementes das cultivares de trigo BRS Pardela e BRS Gaivota, submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos químicos: 1-testemunha, 2-carboxin + thiram + imidacloprido + tiodicarbe, 3-carbendazim + thiram + imidacloprido + tiodicarbe, 4-fipronil + tiofanato metílico + piraclostrobina, 5-triadimenol + imidacloprido + tiodicarbe, 6-fipronil e 7-imidacloprido + tiodicarbe. A qualidade fisiológica foi avaliada por meio dos testes de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento e massa seca de parte aérea e raiz, emergência de plântulas em campo e a qualidade sanitária pelo método do blotter test. As sementes das cultivares de trigo testadas respondem de forma diferenciada aos tratamentos químicos quanto aos efeitos na germinação e vigor. O tratamento com triadimenol + imidacloprido + tiodicarbe é prejudicial ao desenvolvimento de plântulas. Para a cultivar BRS Gaivota o tratamento de sementes com carboxin + thiram + imidacloprido + tiodicarbe e carbendazim + thiram + imidacloprido + tiodicarbe favorece o estabelecimento das plântulas em campo, em relação a testemunha.Termos para indexação: Triticum aestivum L., tratam...

Physiological performance of wheat seeds treated with micronutrients and protection products during storage

“…In this regard, the quality of treated seeds has been evaluated for different crops, with positive or no responses obtained for different seed treatments. The association of fungicide carboxin + thiram with insecticide imidacloprid + thiodicarb reduced germination in wheat seeds cultivar BRS Gaivota (Abati et al, 2014). In maize, the treatment with insecticide thiamethoxam, at a dose of 1.4 g. kg -1 of seeds, did not affected germination after 30 days of storage under non-control environmental conditions; however, seed vigor evaluated by cold test, reduced significantly in comparison to untreated seeds (Bittencourt et al, 2000).…”

Physiological quality, initial establishment and yield of wheat according to the seed treatment method1

“…Seed treatment showed an effect on germination only at 150 days of storage, when the industrial and conventional treatments significantly reduced the percentage of normal seedlings. Some authors suggest that the use of fungicides and insecticides in seed treatment may cause phytotoxicity, as reported by Vanin et al (2011) in sorghum, Abati et al (2014) in wheat and Brzezinski et al (2015) in soybean. In this sense, Dan et al (2010) also observed a reduced germination of soybean seeds treated with different insecticides and stored for 45 days under controlled conditions (± 27 ºC and 70 % RH), and the performance of seeds treated with thiamethoxam did not differ from those without treatment.…”

“…The use of seeds with high physiological quality, along with the efficiency of fungicides and insecticides, is essential for high crop yields (Dan et al 2010, Abati et al 2014. The treatment of wheat 1.…”

Desempenho inicial de plântulas de soja oriundas de sementes quimicamente tratadas

“…Tal fato pode ser relacionado à diminuição da área superficial da massa de sementes ocasionado pelo aumento de tamanho destas, assim ocorrendo maior deposição de ingrediente ativo por unidade de área. Abati et al(2014) relatam a ocorrência de fitotoxidez em plântulas geradas a partir de sementes tratadas, ocasionando a diminuição da qualidade fisiológica destas. Assim com a diminuição relativa da área da massa de sementes e com o aumento da concentração de ingrediente ativo sobre as sementes, tal efeito pode ser mais evidente, ocasionando diminuição no vigor do lote.…”