We investigated the effect of propofol (Prop) administration
(10 mg kg-1 h-1, intravenously) on lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced acute lung injury and its effect on cluster of differentiation
(CD) 14 and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 expression in lung tissue of
anesthetized, ventilated rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly
divided into three groups of 8 rats each: control, LPS, and LPS+Prop. Lung
injury was assayed via blood gas analysis and lung histology, and tumor necrosis
factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were determined in
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid using ELISA. Real-time polymerase chain reaction
was used to detect CD14 and TLR4 mRNA levels, and CD14 and TLR4 protein
expression was determined by Western blot. The pathological scores were 1.2 ±
0.9, 3.3 ± 1.1, and 1.9 ± 1.0 for the control, LPS, and LPS+Prop groups,
respectively, with statistically significant differences between control and LPS
groups (P < 0.05) and between LPS and LPS+Prop groups (P < 0.05). The
administration of LPS resulted in a significant increase in TNF-α and IL-1β
levels, 7- and 3.5-fold, respectively (P < 0.05), while treatment with
propofol partially blunted the secretion of both cytokines (P < 0.05). CD14
and TLR4 mRNA levels were increased in the LPS group (1.48 ± 0.05 and 1.26 ±
0.03, respectively) compared to the control group (1.00 ± 0.20 and 1.00 ± 0.02,
respectively; P < 0.05), while propofol treatment blunted this effect (1.16 ±
0.05 and 1.12 ± 0.05, respectively; P < 0.05). Both CD14 and TLR4 protein
levels were elevated in the LPS group compared to the control group (P <
0.05), while propofol treatment partially decreased the expression of CD14 and
TLR4 protein versus LPS alone (P < 0.05). Our study indicates that propofol
prevents lung injury, most likely by inhibition of CD14 and TLR4 expression.