Treatments with organic acids and pullulanase differently affect resistant starch and fiber composition in flour of various barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Abstract

An enrichment of foodstuffs with RS and dietary fiber is meaningful for a healthier diet. Main goal of this research was to evaluate the effects of treating barley with citric acid (CA), lactic acid (LA), separately or together, and with the enzyme pullulanase (PUL) on RS and the contents of main nutrients of four barley genotypes. Treatment with PUL increased the RS content from 0.26 (control) to 1.29%. Enhancement of RS was also observed with 5% LA as well as with 5% CA, but these effects were barley genotype‐dependent. Treatment with CA increased the organic residue, a fraction that includes (1 → 3,1 → 4)‐β‐glucan, from 10.2 to 14.0%. Ash contents decreased from 2.42 to 1.98% by LA treatment and neutral detergent fiber decreased from 14.1 to 8.4% by CA treatment, depending on the used barley genotype. In conclusion, data indicated that treating barley with organic acids or PUL may have the potential to enhance the RS and beneficially modulate nutrient composition of barley. Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms behind the effects observed herein and their nutritional implications in the diet.

Modulation of resistant starch and nutrient composition of barley grain using organic acids and thermal cycling treatments

“…Compared with the control, both chemical treatments decreased the content of NDF in barley, confirming our previous findings , whereas heat and cooling conditions showed limited effects on this variable (Fig. E).…”

Influence of barley grain particle size and treatment with citric acid on digestibility, ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in Holstein calves

“…Therefore, the decrease in propionate and valerate concentrations might indicate a change in the extent of starch degradation in the rumen (Huntington et al, 2006). Other authors have reported that treating barley grain with LA increased RSS (Harder et al, 2015a and2015b;Deckardt et al, 2016). As less starch is digested in the rumen, a greater amount of starch can be digested in the small intestine (Reynolds, 2006), increasing glucose absorption and consequently improving energy efficiency and production response (Huntington et al, 2006;Deckardt et al, 2016).…”

“…The addition of lactic acid (LA) to barley grain increased RRS and decreased ruminal fermentation rate of barley starch, with a subsequent decrease of rumen VFA concentrations preventing a drop in pH, thus enhancing the productivity and health of dairy cows (Iqbal et al, 2009). Treatment of barley grain with other organic acids, such as citric acid, also increases RRS (Harder et al, 2015a and2015b). The treatment of grains with citric acid changed the chemical composition of barley (Harder et al, 2015a and2015b), and the effects of this treatment on ruminal fermentation have been studied in vitro (Harder et al, 2015c), but there is no information available on the effects of this treatment on animal performance.…”

Microbial populations and fermentation profiles in rumen liquid and solids of Holstein cows respond differently to dietary barley processing

“…; Harder et al . ). Due to less soluble carbohydrates, LA‐treated barley appears to be less ruminally degradable and thus may have fewer consequences for microbial homeostasis than the native barley (Deckardt et al .…”