Tree age and maturity stage affect reducing sugars, organic acids and minerals in Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Huping fruits

Wang, Lina; Chen, Chuan; He, Rong; Rico, Cyren M.; Mao, Qingyuan; Sun, Peilong

doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105007

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In Chinese chestnut, both the 10-year-old and 700-year-old groups exhibited higher levels of zinc, selenium, and amino acid compared to trees of other ages [10]. In Ziziphus jujuba, as the age of the tree increases, the content of reducing sugars in the fruit also gradually increases [11]. These studies suggest that the size and quality of fruit vary with tree age across different plant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Integrated Metabolomics, Transcriptome and Functional Analysis Reveal Key Genes Are Involved in Tree Age-Induced Amino Acid Accumulation in Torreya grandis Nuts

Chen,

Yan,

Zheng

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Torreya grandis is native Chinese tree species of economic significance, renowned for its long lifespan and the rich nutritional value of its nuts. In this study, we analyzed the morphological characteristics, metabolites, associated gene expressions, and regulatory mechanism in nuts from young (10 years old) and old (1000 years old) T. grandis trees. We observed that the length, width, and weight of nuts from older trees were considerably greater than those from younger trees. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the concentrations of 18 amino acids and derivatives (including histidine and serine) in nuts from older trees were markedly higher than those in nuts from younger trees. Transcriptome and metabolomic correlation analysis identified 16 genes, including TgPK (pyruvate kinase), TgGAPDH (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase), and others, which exhibit higher expression levels in older trees compared to younger trees, as confirmed by qRT-PCR. These genes are associated with the biosynthesis of histidine, glutamic acid, tryptophan, and serine. Transient expression of TgPK in tobacco led to increased pyruvate kinase activity and amino acid content (histidine, tryptophan, and serine). Additionally, dual-luciferase assays and yeast one-hybrid results demonstrated that TgWRKY21 positively regulates TgPK expression by directly binding to the TgPK promoter. These findings not only demonstrate the nutritional differences between nuts from young and old trees but also offer fresh insights into the development of nutritional sources and functional components based on nuts from old trees, enriching our understanding of the potential benefits of utilizing nuts from older trees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Integrated Metabolomics, Transcriptome and Functional Analysis Reveal Key Genes Are Involved in Tree Age-Induced Amino Acid Accumulation in Torreya grandis Nuts

Chen,

Yan,

Zheng

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The predominance of glucose may be related to the storage capacity that the fruits have (Wang et al., 2023). On the other hand, monosaccharides, such as arabinose, galactose, uronic acids, and rhamnose, are consistent with the presence of pectins from soluble dietary fibers (Vriesmann et al., 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave‐assisted extraction of mucilage from juá: Characterization and antioxidant activity

Fernandes,

Silva,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Science

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Microwave‐assisted extraction of mucilage from juá was investigated using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions for extraction were a power of 300 W, an extraction time of 240 s, a pH of 8.0, and a water/sample ratio of 1/6, which achieved a 26.43% yield. The monosaccharide composition and antioxidant activity of the mucilage from juá fruits from different regions of Caatinga were investigated. The fruits from Agreste Paraibano showed the highest mucilage extraction yield (18.64%) compared to that of fruits from Mata Paraibana (MP) (12.37%), Borborema (BB) (11.47%), and Sertão Paraibano (8.31%) (p < 0.05). Glucose (32.8%–50.8%) and arabinose (19.3%–32.9%) were the main monosaccharides found in juá mucilage. The mucilage from fruits in the MP presented the highest antioxidant activity in the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. Our results demonstrated the potential for the future exploration and application of juá mucilage in the food industry.Practical ApplicationJuá (Ziziphus joazeiro Mart.) mucilage contains phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, and its extraction by MAE is efficient, as it contributed to a higher yield.

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“…Sugar is an important component that determines fruit flavor, and the accumulation characteristics of sugar vary across different fruit trees [21]. In the development stage of apple fruit, the fructose content in fruits is much higher than those of sorbitol, glucose, and sucrose [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Changes in the Sugar Constituents of Jujube Fruits under Saline–Alkali Stress

Wang,

Feng,

Yan

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Saline–alkali stress is an important environmental factor affecting the growth and development of plants. Plants affected by saline–alkali stress can mitigate the damage by regulating the content of osmoregulatory substances such as soluble sugars. Elucidating the regulatory mechanism of the changes in sugar fractions in jujube fruits under saline–alkali stress is crucial for the development of the jujube fruit industry in saline areas. In this study, we investigated the effects of saline–alkali stress on the development and sugar contents of jujube fruits by subjecting jujube trees to low- and high-saline–alkali stress treatments. The result showed that low saline–alkali stress increased the content of each sugar component and total sugar, whereas high saline–alkali stress suppressed their contents. In the early developmental stage, the fruit mainly accumulated fructose and glucose, whereas in the late stage, it accumulated mainly sucrose. We screened various genes, namely trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase gene (LOC107418410), α-amylase gene (LOC107428855), α-glucosidase gene (LOC107418468), sucrose synthase gene (LOC107416188), and β-amylase gene (LOC107430415, LOC107406235), all of which were highly correlated with sucrose content in saline–alkali stress, indicating that the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways of jujube fruit are the key pathways regulating sugar accumulation in response to saline–alkali stress. To summarize, this study provides a system-level perspective on the dynamic transcriptional regulation of jujube fruits under saline–alkali stress. Additionally, the study preliminarily screened key differentially expressed genes that affect sugar accumulation in response to saline–alkali stress, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific regulation of jujube fruit quality.

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Tree age and maturity stage affect reducing sugars, organic acids and minerals in Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Huping fruits

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Integrated Metabolomics, Transcriptome and Functional Analysis Reveal Key Genes Are Involved in Tree Age-Induced Amino Acid Accumulation in Torreya grandis Nuts

Integrated Metabolomics, Transcriptome and Functional Analysis Reveal Key Genes Are Involved in Tree Age-Induced Amino Acid Accumulation in Torreya grandis Nuts

Microwave‐assisted extraction of mucilage from juá: Characterization and antioxidant activity

Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Changes in the Sugar Constituents of Jujube Fruits under Saline–Alkali Stress

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