Tree insects and pathogens display opposite tendencies to attack native vs. non-native pines

Lombardero, Marı́a J.; Alonso-Rodriguez, Marta; Roca-Posada, Eva P.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.06.036

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…The local microclimate can be affected by canopy structure and architecture of the local tree environment as well as on stand management (Jactel et al . ; Lombardero, Alonso‐Rodríguez & Roca‐Posada ; Calonnec et al . ; Costes et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different fungal species might be affected by tree diversity at different scales, depending on their dispersal ability, spore size or their dependence on the microclimate provided by the local tree neighbourhood. The local microclimate can be affected by canopy structure and architecture of the local tree environment as well as on stand management (Jactel et al 2009;Lombardero, Alonso-Rodr ıguez & Roca-Posada 2012;Calonnec et al 2013;Costes et al 2013). Hence, any extrapolation of our results to experiments at larger scales or natural forests should be taken with caution.…”

Section: T R E E D I V E R S I T Y E F F E C T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree diversity and the role of non‐host neighbour tree species in reducing fungal pathogen infestation

et al. 2014

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The degree to which plant pathogen infestation occurs in a host plant is expected to be strongly influenced by the level of species diversity among neighbouring host and non-host plant species. Since pathogen infestation can negatively affect host plant performance, it can mediate the effects of local biodiversity on ecosystem functioning.We tested the effects of tree diversity and the proportion of neighbouring host and non-host species with respect to the foliar fungal pathogens of Tilia cordata and Quercus petraea in the Kreinitz tree diversity experiment in Germany. We hypothesized that fungal pathogen richness increases while infestation decreases with increasing local tree diversity. In addition, we tested whether fungal pathogen richness and infestation are dependent on the proportion of host plant species present or on the proportion of particular non-host neighbouring tree species.Leaves of the two target species were sampled across three consecutive years with visible foliar fungal pathogens on the leaf surface being identified macro- and microscopically. Effects of diversity among neighbouring trees were analysed: (i) for total fungal species richness and fungal infestation on host trees and (ii) for infestation by individual fungal species.We detected four and five fungal species on T. cordata and Q. petraea, respectively. High local tree diversity reduced (i) total fungal species richness and infestation of T. cordata and fungal infestation of Q. petraea and (ii) infestation by three host-specialized fungal pathogen species. These effects were brought about by local tree diversity and were independent of host species proportion. In general, host species proportion had almost no effect on fungal species richness and infestation. Strong effects associated with the proportion of particular non-host neighbouring tree species on fungal species richness and infestation were, however, recorded.Synthesis. For the first time, we experimentally demonstrated that for two common forestry tree species, foliar fungal pathogen richness and infestation depend on local biodiversity. Thus, local tree diversity can have positive impacts on ecosystem functioning in managed forests by decreasing the level of fungal pathogen infestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T R E E D I V E R S I T Y E F F E C T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree diversity and the role of non‐host neighbour tree species in reducing fungal pathogen infestation

et al. 2014

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“…In Europe, exotic conifer species such as P. contorta (Langström et al . ), P. radiata (Lombardero, Alonso‐Rodríguez & Roca‐Posada ) and P. sitchensis (Fraser & Lawton ) have experienced major damage by native European pest insects, whereas P. menziesii or Cedrus atlantica have been virtually immune so far (Roques, Auger‐Rozenberg & Boivin ). It is generally thought that the establishment of exotic tree species leads to new associations with indigenous herbivores whereby the susceptibility of exotic trees to native pests may be determined by the rate of native insect recruitment and the intrinsic resistance capacity of introduced tree species (Tahvanainen & Niemelä ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host range expansion of native insects to exotic trees increases with area of introduction and the presence of congeneric native trees

Branco

Brockerhoff

Castagneyrol

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Exotic tree species are widely used in forest plantations for their often high productivity and performance compared to native trees. However, these advantages may be compromised by herbivore damage. 2. A list of European insect species that have expanded their host range to one of 28 exotic tree species introduced to Europe was compiled from a systematic literature review. The number of successful expansions was analysed using three predictors: (i) phylogenetic relatedness between exotic and European tree species; (ii) area covered by exotic tree species in Europe; and (iii) time since their introduction into Europe. 3. In total, 590 host expansions of native insects to exotic trees were found, mainly of polyphagous species (43%); 25% of the cases reported some type of damage. Bark and wood borers, and defoliators were the dominant guilds. 4. The number of recruited native insect species and cases where major damage occurred was positively correlated with the geographical extent of exotic trees in Europe and the presence of congeneric native trees. 5. Synthesis and applications. The use of exotic tree species creates opportunities for native insect herbivores to expand their host range and increase their damage if they are widely planted next to native congeners. Risk assessment studies are recommended when introducing new tree species for forestry plantations. Risk assessments should include trials on susceptibility to any potential damaging organisms in the introduced range.

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“…The study was carried out in long-term thinning trials established by the Forest Sustainable Unit of the University of Santiago (Lombardero et al, 2012). Two trials were located near Lugo, one in a stand of Pinus radiata and the other in a stand of P. pinaster (the Begonte and Corgo trials, respectively, both located in temperate-subhumid bioclimatic gradient (Martínez-Cortizas and Pérez-Alberti, 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenology and abundance of Enoicyla pusilla in conifer stands

Lombardero¹

2013

For. syst.

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Aim of study: We study the abundance of Enoicyla pusilla (Burmeister) in pine plantations and the effects of silvicultural thinning on insect population. This species is considered a rare member of the order Trichoptera, reported as absent or occasional in conifer forests. It has been suggested that the proliferation of conifer plantations may be a threat for this species by favoring population isolation.Area of study: Plantations of native and non-native pines in Galicia (NW of Spain). Material and methods:We used different traps systems, including 28 pitfall traps, to compared populations of insects in 14 thinned and unthinned plots of Pinus pinaster and P. radiata distributed across 3 forest stands. Traps were checked every 15 days during one year.Main results: We caught 1.219 larvae of E. pusilla. It was the third most abundant species captured in pitfall traps. Larval activity extended from January to late July. They were more abundant in the stands of P. radiata, probably because the denser foliage produced limits sunlight and helped to maintain litter moisture. Additionally needles of P. radiata had lower toughness and higher nitrogen content, which probably makes it a higher quality resource for the detritivorous larvae. Thinning did not affect larvae population.Research highlights: Although managed forests cannot match the biodiversity value of native mixed species stands, if managed appropriately, they may provide habitat for native fauna while also allowing for forest production

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Tree insects and pathogens display opposite tendencies to attack native vs. non-native pines

Cited by 41 publications

References 85 publications

Tree diversity and the role of non‐host neighbour tree species in reducing fungal pathogen infestation

Tree diversity and the role of non‐host neighbour tree species in reducing fungal pathogen infestation

Host range expansion of native insects to exotic trees increases with area of introduction and the presence of congeneric native trees

Phenology and abundance of Enoicyla pusilla in conifer stands

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