Tree mortality in the dynamics and management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands in southern Finland

Valkonen, Sauli; Giacosa, Lucie Aulus; Heikkinen, Juha

doi:10.1007/s10342-020-01301-8

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Different, and sometimes opposite, climatic impacts on broadleaved species and conifers, also in different regions, suggest that, in some cases, substituting the current species, for example increasing the share of broadleaved species in central European and Mediterranean regions (see also Bosela et al, 2021), could be part of specific forest management strategies developed at regional and local levels (see Nabuurs et al, 2017). Apart from modifying the current forest composition, which was assumed to be constant within our study (see Morin et al, 2018), other options to rejuvenate the current age structure may include, for conifers, a gradual shift towards a continuous cover forestry system based on an uneven-aged structure (Valkonen et al, 2020) and, for broadleaved species, a gradual recovery of past management practices dismissed, at least in some regions, after the Second World War (Müllerová et al, 2015). This could partly compensate the continuously declining percentage C-stock change estimated for broadleaved species (see Fig.…”

Section: Climate Change Scenarios Limitations and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The European forest carbon budget under future climate conditions and current management practices

Pilli¹,

Alkama

Cescatti

et al. 2022

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. To become carbon neutral by 2050, the European Union (EU27) net carbon sink from forests should increase from the current level of about −360 to −450 Mt CO2eq yr−1 by 2050. Reaching this target requires additional efforts, which should be informed by the expected interactions between current age-class distributions, the effect of forest management practices and the expected impacts of future climate change. However, modelling the combined effect of these drivers is challenging, since it requires a mechanistic assessment of climate impacts on primary productivity and heterotrophic respiration and a detailed representation of the forest age structure and of the management practices across the entire EU. To achieve this goal, we combined the output provided by four land–climate models – run under two different Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP6.0) – to parameterize the input data used in an empirical forest growth model. This hybrid modelling approach aims to quantify the impact of climate change and forest management on the long-term (i.e. to 2100) evolution of the EU27 + UK forest carbon budget. This approach was tested using a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, based on the continuation of the management practices applied by EU member states within the historical period 2000–2015. We emphasize that our study does not explore a specific policy scenario but describes a methodological framework. Our results highlight that, under our BAU case, the EU27 + UK forest C sink would decrease to about −250 Mt CO2eq yr−1 in 2050 and −80 Mt CO2eq yr−1 by 2100. The main driver of the long-term evolution of the forest C sink is the ongoing ageing process of the European forests, mostly determined by past and ongoing management. In addition, climate change may further amplify or mitigate this trend. Due to the large uncertainty in climate projections, in 2050 the net C sink may range from −100 to −400 Mt CO2eq yr−1 under RCP2.6 and from −100 to −300 Mt CO2eq yr−1 under RCP6.0. These results suggest that while a change in management practices would be needed to reverse an otherwise declining trend in the sink, climate change adds a considerable uncertainty, potentially nearly doubling or halving the sink associated with management.

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Section: Climate Change Scenarios Limitations and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

The European forest carbon budget under future climate conditions and current management practices

Pilli¹,

Alkama

Cescatti

et al. 2022

Biogeosciences

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“…Uneven-aged stands are generally quite resistant to disease and damage; in uneven-aged management regimes, the damage risks are lower than in even-aged regimes [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison between Uneven-Aged Forest Stands from the Southern Carpathians and Those from the Banat Mountains

Crişan,

Dincă,

Târziu

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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In this paper, uneven-aged stands from two important Romanian mountain areas—the Southern Carpathians and Banat Mountains—are compared with the purpose of studying the stationary conditions of uneven-aged forest stands in order to determine which management strategies are best suited to these forests and other Romanian forests with a similar structure. The study is based on silvicultural practices and natural growth conditions related to uneven-aged forest stands. The analysed surface represents 20% of Romania’s forests and includes all uneven-aged forest stands in the Southern Carpathians and half of the Romanian Western Carpathians. It has been concluded that the Southern Carpathians and Banat Mountains contain a relatively reduced percentage of uneven-aged stands compared with the total number of stands due to their composition and less favourable stationary conditions of the stands. This section highlights the novelty of the work carried out in this study on uneven-aged forest stands from two landscape reliefs in Romania.

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“…Most of the stands ( 16) belonged to the Myrtillus vegetation type; the rest (4) belonged to the mesic Oxalis-Myrtillus type. For more information, please refer to Valkonen et al (2020). Fourteen plots were subject to a selection cutting during the winter of 1996/1997 and then all of them during the winter of 2011/2012, for a total of 34 measurements.…”

Section: Iforest -Biogeosciences and Forestrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of operating cost management models for selection cutting in Scandinavian continuous cover forestry

Bianchi,

Ahtikoski,

Muhonen

et al. 2023

iForest

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The importance of continuous cover forestry (CCF) is increasing, yet there is lack of data and understanding about many aspects of this management, including the operational costs. Our objectives were to retrieve available harvesting cost models from published studies on selection cutting in Norwayspruce-dominated stands in Scandinavian countries and to evaluate them against real case studies. First, we retrieved three recently published harvesting cost models which provided explicit cost functions. Models 1 and 2, based on rotation forestry (RF) data and adapted for CCF, had separate sub-models for cutting and hauling costs. Model 3 was based on CCF data and produced total harvesting costs, including the cutting and hauling costs combined. Second, we measured cutting costs for 29 harvesting operations on stands with different stages of CCF structure. We then compared the observations with the simulations of Models 1 and 2 cutting cost sub-models for those cases. Third, we expanded the dataset, including a further 34 harvesting operations in stands with more advanced CCF structures (without measured costs). We then simulated the total harvesting costs for all three models in this dataset to investigate their general behaviour. On average, Models 1 and 2 cutting cost submodels had relatively good and consistent predictions compared with the observed values. However, they differed in total costs due to different estimates for the hauling cost sub-models. Model 3 had predictions comparable to Models 1 and 2 in the more advanced stages of CCF, but much higher in the less advanced. This study provides important data regarding cutting costs in CCF and demonstrates the feasibility of using existing harvesting cost models.

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Tree mortality in the dynamics and management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands in southern Finland

Cited by 21 publications

References 44 publications

The European forest carbon budget under future climate conditions and current management practices

The European forest carbon budget under future climate conditions and current management practices

A Comparison between Uneven-Aged Forest Stands from the Southern Carpathians and Those from the Banat Mountains

Evaluation of operating cost management models for selection cutting in Scandinavian continuous cover forestry

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