Tree nut, peanut, and peanut butter consumption and the risk of gastric and esophageal cancer subtypes: the Netherlands Cohort Study

Nieuwenhuis, Lisette; Brandt, Piet A. van den

doi:10.1007/s10120-018-0821-2

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…In women, nuts, whole grains, fish, and the MUFA:SFA ratio were important aMEDr components contributing to the non-significant inverse associations observed for GCA and GNCA risk. Inverse associations (not all significant) between esophageal and/or gastric cancer subtypes and intakes of nuts (ESCC and GNCA), vegetables (ESCC and EAC), and fruits (ESCC) were also documented in previous NLCS analyses [ 35 , 36 ]. In addition, high intakes of red (non-significant) and processed meats were associated with an increased ESCC risk in men [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in the Netherlands Cohort Study

2019

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Background Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence has been associated with reduced risks of esophageal and gastric cancer (subtypes) in a limited number of studies. We prospectively investigated associations between MD adherence and risks of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) in a Dutch cohort. Methods Analyses were conducted using data from the 120852 participants of the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS), who were aged between 55 and 69 years at enrollment. Various MD scores, with and without alcohol, were calculated to estimate MD adherence. Using 20.3 years of follow-up, 133 ESCC, 200 EAC, 191 GCA, and 586 GNCA cases could be included in multivariable Cox regression analyses. Results Of the investigated scores, the alternate Mediterranean diet score without alcohol (aMEDr) performed best. aMEDr was inversely associated with risks of GCA and GNCA in men and women. However, statistical significance was only reached in men [ p trend : 0.019 (GCA), 0.016 (GNCA)]. Furthermore, higher aMEDr values were significantly associated with a reduced ESCC risk in men [HR per two−point increment (95% CI) = 0.57 (0.41–0.80), p trend = 0.013], but not in women ( p heterogeneity = 0.008). There was no evidence of an association between aMEDr and EAC risk. Educational level was a significant effect modifier for the association between aMEDr and GNCA risk ( p heterogeneity = 0.0073). Conclusions Higher MD adherence was associated with reduced risks of ESCC, GCA, and GNCA in the NLCS. However, the decreased ESCC risk might be limited to men. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10120-019-00927-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in the Netherlands Cohort Study

2019

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“…Previous studies have found significant inverse associations between nut consumption and overall mortality [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14] as well as between nut consumption and cardiovascular (CVD) disease [6,8,9,12,15] and multiple cancers including pancreatic [16], colorectal [17], esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [18] and gastric noncardiac adenocarcinoma [19,20]. A past review study on nut intake and mortality reported all-cause and common causes of mortality such as cardiovascular and cancer mortality [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nut and Peanut Butter Consumption and Mortality in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study

et al. 2019

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Although previous studies have shown inverse associations between nut consumption and mortality, the associations between nut consumption and less common causes of mortality have not been investigated. Additionally, about 50% of peanut consumption in the US is through peanut butter but the association between peanut butter consumption and mortality has not been thoroughly evaluated. The National Institutes of Health-AARP (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study recruited 566,398 individuals aged 50–71 at baseline in 1995–1996. A food-frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate nut and peanut butter consumption. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for mortality using the non-consumers as reference groups and three categories of consumption. After excluding subjects with chronic diseases at baseline, there were 64,464 deaths with a median follow-up time of 15.5 years. We observed a significant inverse association between nut consumption and overall mortality (HR C4 vs C1 = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.76, 0.81, p ≤ 0.001). Nut consumption was significantly associated with reduced risk of cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious, renal and liver disease mortality but not with diabetes or Alzheimer’s disease mortality. We observed no significant associations between peanut butter consumption and all-cause (HR C4 vs C1 = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.98, 1.04, p = 0.001) and cause-specific mortality. In a middle-aged US population, nut intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality and certain types of cause-specific mortality. However, peanut butter consumption was not associated with differential mortality.

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“…A number of studies published in the last ten years have demonstrated the influence of nut consumption on cancer [91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107] (Table 5). Despite the fact that, in the observational studies, no causality could be proven, there were still several obvious strengths: prospective design for the majority of the studies, large population size, high retention rates with long-term follow-up, and adjustments for a multitude of other potential risk factors.…”

Section: Association Between Nuts and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies indicated that patients in the highest tree nut and peanut-intake group compared to the lowest intake group at any point in time during the study period were: 40%, 25%, and 14% less likely to die from total cancer, gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma, and lung cancer, respectively [16,97,98]. Also, they were 46%, 45%, and 47% less likely to die from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, estrogen receptor negative breast cancer, and estrogen-progesterone receptor breast cancer, respectively [100,102]. Subjects having at least two servings of nuts per week had 0.68 times the risk of pancreatic cancer compared with subjects having nuts never or almost never [93].…”

Section: Association Between Nuts and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Benefits of Nut Consumption in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population

et al. 2019

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Aging is considered the major risk factor for most chronic disorders. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are two major contributors for cellular senescence, downregulation of stress response pathways with a decrease of protective cellular activity and accumulation of cellular damage, leading in time to age-related diseases. This review investigated the most recent clinical trials and cohort studies published in the last ten years, which presented the influence of tree nut and peanut antioxidant diets in preventing or delaying age-related diseases in middle-aged and elderly subjects (≥55 years old). Tree nut and peanut ingestion has the possibility to influence blood lipid count, biochemical and anthropometric parameters, endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers, thereby positively affecting cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality, cancers, and cognitive disorders, mainly through the nuts’ healthy lipid profile and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of actions. Clinical evidence and scientific findings demonstrate the importance of diets characterized by a high intake of nuts and emphasize their potential in preventing age-related diseases, validating the addition of tree nuts and peanuts in the diet of older adults. Therefore, increased consumption of bioactive antioxidant compounds from nuts clearly impacts many risk factors related to aging and can extend health span and lifespan.

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Tree nut, peanut, and peanut butter consumption and the risk of gastric and esophageal cancer subtypes: the Netherlands Cohort Study

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in the Netherlands Cohort Study

Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in the Netherlands Cohort Study

Nut and Peanut Butter Consumption and Mortality in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study

Health Benefits of Nut Consumption in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population

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