Trees, Shrubs, and Cacti of South Texas

Hanselka, C. Wayne; Everitt, J. H.; Drawe, D. Lynn

doi:10.2307/4002873

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…prior to 1976, only 31 pentaploids were in the NpGS but they lacked cold tolerance. In some of these areas (primarily southern Arizona and Australia), the grass is considered an invasive species by environmentalists and has been subjected to considerable scrutiny (Marshall et al, 2012); however, ranchers in many of these areas value the grass as an asset to livestock production (Hanselka, 1988;Hanselka et al, 2004). The genetic diversity among all these pentaploid accessions was investigated to determine if the winter-hardy and non-winter-hardy genotypes were distinct.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity among Pentaploid Buffelgrass Accessions

et al. 2015

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Buffelgrass [Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link (syn. Cenchrus ciliaris L.)], an important pasture and range grass in the arid semi‐tropics and tropics, has excellent drought‐tolerance but lacks winter hardiness. It is a polymorphic, apomictic species and its most common chromosome number is 2n = 4x = 36. Eighty‐six pentaploid (2n = 5x = 45) accessions from South Africa were deposited into the USDA National Germplasm System (NPGS) in 1976 and these were more winter‐hardy than all tetraploid accessions. Prior to 1976, only 31 pentaploids were in the NPGS but they lacked cold tolerance. Since 1976, ten pentaploid accessions with unknown cold tolerance have been added to the NPGS and they were included. The genetic diversity among all these pentaploid accessions was investigated to determine if the winter‐hardy and non‐winter‐hardy genotypes were distinct. Amplified fragment length polymorphisms were used to determine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among the accessions. Ten primer combinations generated 862 polymorphic bands; the number of bands identified by each primer ranged from 74 to 117 (mean 93.4). Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis revealed two groups with one separating into two sub‐groups and one sub‐group separating into two subdivisions. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.39 to 0.98 (mean 0.74). These findings show considerable genetic diversity among the pentaploid accessions. Most cold‐tolerant and non‐cold‐tolerant genotypes separated by subgroups but not by group. Nine tetraploid accessions, included for reference, clustered into several subgroups. The pentaploid genotypes appear to have polyphyletic origins.

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity among Pentaploid Buffelgrass Accessions

et al. 2015

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“…To achieve long-term brush management objectives, managers need to consider the advantages and disadvantages of different treatment methods and implement a combination of methods. One such approach is the Integrated Brush Management System (IBMS), which incorporates various treatment methods from a multi-use and long-term perspective [4]. The IBMS cycle involves setting management objectives, outlining potential treatments, applying treatments, monitoring and evaluating, and implementing additional follow-up treatments if necessary.…”

Section: Brush Management In the Great Plains Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fire exclusion interrupted this self-reinforcing feedback and resulted in woody encroachment. To address this issue, the Integrated Brush Management System (IBMS) was developed as a management framework that uses fire as well as mechanical, chemical, and biological treatments to reverse woody encroachment [4]. Among the methods used in the IBMS, fire is the most widely adopted due to its effectiveness in causing the mortality of shrub and tree canopies across extensive spatial areas while keeping long-term treatment expenses low.…”

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confidence: 99%

Grassland Resilience to Woody Encroachment in North America and the Effectiveness of Using Fire in National Parks

Ling,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Climate

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The grasslands of North America are threatened by woody encroachment. Restoring historical fire regimes has been used to manage brush encroachment. However, fire management may be insufficient due to the nonlinear and hysteretic responses of vegetation recovery following encroachment and the social–political constraints affecting fire management. We synthesized the fire thresholds required to control woody encroachment by typical encroaching species in North America, especially the Great Plains region, and identified the social–political constraints facing fire management in selected grassland national parks. Our synthesis revealed the resistance, hysteresis, and irreversibility of encroached grasslands using fire and emphasized the need for a combination of brush management methods if the impacts of climate change are to be addressed. Frequent fires alone may maintain grassland states, reflecting resistance. However, high-intensity fires exceeding fire-mortality thresholds are required to exclude non-resprouting shrubs and trees, indicating hysteresis. Fire alone may be insufficient to reverse encroachment by resprouting species, exhibiting reversibility. In practice, appropriate fire management may restore resistant grassland states. However, social–political constraints have restricted the use of frequent and high-intensity fires, thereby reducing the effectiveness of management actions to control woody encroachment of grasslands in national parks. This research proposes a resilience-based framework to manage woody encroachment in grassland national parks and similar protected areas.

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The importance of private lands for ocelot Leopardus pardalis conservation in the United States

Haines

Janečka

Tewes

et al. 2006

Oryx

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The distribution of ocelots Leopardus pardalis in the USA is limited to southern Texas. Identification and monitoring of ocelot populations enables biologists to assess population health and status. Use of camera traps has been successfully used to monitor numerous populations of wild felids, including the ocelot. Our objectives were to identify ocelot presence within southern Texas and estimate ocelot population size and density. We used camera traps to survey for ocelots on four study sites in southern Texas. We recorded ocelot presence on one study site with an abundance estimate of three individuals and a density estimate of 0.30±SE 0.03 ocelots km−2. The conservation implications of this study suggest concentrating conservation efforts in and around the study site (Yturria Ranch) found to have ocelots. In addition, this study emphasizes the importance of including private landowners in the ocelot recovery process.

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Trees, Shrubs, and Cacti of South Texas

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic Diversity among Pentaploid Buffelgrass Accessions

Genetic Diversity among Pentaploid Buffelgrass Accessions

Grassland Resilience to Woody Encroachment in North America and the Effectiveness of Using Fire in National Parks

The importance of private lands for ocelot Leopardus pardalis conservation in the United States

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