Abstract. In this paper we give upper bounds on the number of minimal separators and potential maximal cliques of graphs w.r.t. two graph parameters, namely vertex cover (vc) and modular width (mw). We prove that for any graph, the number of minimal separators is O * (3 vc ) and O * (1.6181 mw ), and the number of potential maximal cliques is O * (4 vc ) and O * (1.7347 mw ), and these objects can be listed within the same running times. (The O * notation suppresses polynomial factors in the size of the input.) Combined with known results [4,13], we deduce that a large family of problems, e.g., Treewidth, Minimum Fill-in, Longest Induced Path, Feedback vertex set and many others, can be solved in time O * (4 vc ) or O * (1.7347 mw ).