Trellis Tone Modulation Multiple-Access for Peer Discovery in D2D Networks

Lim, Chiwoo; Jang, Min; Kim, Sang-Hyo

doi:10.3390/s18041228

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This is novel in terms of out of network DD framework and results are analyzed for enhanced discovery probability. In [91], the authors proposed DD using Trellis Tone Modulation with message passing demodulation. The proposed scheme gives 1.5 times more discovery ratio compared with FDMA based DD.…”

Section: B Recent Advances In Dd Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Device Discovery in D2D Communication: A Survey

et al. 2019

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Device to Device (D2D) communication was first considered in out-band to manage energy issues in the wireless sensor networks. The primary target was to secure information about system topology for successive communication. Now the D2D communication has been legitimated in in-band by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). To initiate D2D communication, Device Discovery (DD) is a primary task and every D2D application benefits from DD as an end to end link maintenance and data relay when the direct path is obstructed. The DD is facing new difficulties because of the mobility of the devices over static systems, and the mobility makes it more challenging for D2D communication. For in-band D2D, DD in a single cell and multi-cell, and dense area is not legitimated properly, causing latency, inaccuracy, and energy consumption. Among extensive studies on limiting energy consumption and latency, DD is one of the essential parts concentrating on access and communication. In this paper, a comprehensive survey on DD challenges, for example single cell/multi-cell and dense area DD, energy consumption during discovery, discovery delay, and discovery security, etc., has been presented to accomplish an effective paradigm of D2D networks. In order to undertake the device (user) needs, an architecture has been projected, which promises to overwhelm the various implementation challenges of DD. The paper mainly focuses on DD taxonomy and classification with an emphasis on discovery procedures and algorithms, a summary of advances and issues, and ways for potential enhancements. For ensuring a secure DD and D2D, auspicious research directions have been proposed, based on taxonomy.

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Section: B Recent Advances In Dd Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Device Discovery in D2D Communication: A Survey

et al. 2019

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“…The literature contains several autonomous mechanisms for peer discovery using a social-unaware approach [2,3,4,5,6,7]. For example, the FlashLinQ protocol that was proposed in [2] uses frequency division multiplexing (FDM) to propagate the beacons through the network [2].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, the beacons are transmitted both periodically and synchronously, and hence FlashLinQ provides an effective means of estimating the amount of consumed resources and timing the resource consumption to minimize resource snatching. The scheme that is presented in [3] replaces the FDM-based peer discovery process in [2], with a non-orthogonal multiple-access scheme that is referred to as Trellis Tone Modulation Multiple-Access (TTMMA). TTMMA uses single-tone transmissions and achieves long-distance discovery due to its low Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ROOMMATEs is an unsupervised approach that can provide different granularity location information. However, none of the studies in [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14] consider the potential for improving the peer discovery performance by exploiting the social behaviors of the UEs in the network.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peer discovery process is generally performed using a beacon mechanism and it aims to maximize the Peer Discovery Ratio (PDR), which is defined as the number of peers that are found in the discovery process divided by the total number of peers in the network. Most previous studies on peer discovery focus on the problems of improving the efficiency of the search process, minimizing the number of collisions, and determining a suitable beacon rate for the UEs [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social-Aware Peer Discovery for Energy Harvesting-Based Device-To-Device Communications

Hailemariam

Lai

Chen

et al. 2019

Sensors

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In Device-to-Device (D2D) communications, the first step is to find all of the neighboring peers in the network by performing a peer discovery process. Most previous studies use the social behaviors of the users to adjust the sending rates of the peer discovery messages (i.e., beacons) under the constraint of consumed power for increasing the Peer Discovery Ratio (PDR). However, these studies do not consider the potential for energy harvesting, which allows for the User Equipments (UEs) to procure additional power within charging areas. Accordingly, this paper proposes an Energy-Ratio Rate Decision (ERRD) algorithm that comprises three steps, namely Social Ratio Allocation (SRA), Energy Ratio Allocation (ERA), and Beacon Rate Decision (BRD). The SRA step determines the allocated power quantum for each UE from the total budget power based on the social behavior of the UE. The ERA step then adjusts this allocated power quantum in accordance with the power that is harvested by the UE. Finally, the BRD step computes the beacon rate for the UE based on the adjusted power quantum. The simulation results show that ERRD outperforms the previously-reported Social-Based Grouping (SBG) algorithm by 190% on the PDR for a budget power of one watt and 8% for a budget power of 20 watts.

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