Trend and Interannual Variations of Reactive Nitrogen Deposition in China During 2008–2017 and the Roles of Anthropogenic Emissions and Meteorological Conditions

Ma, Mingchao; Zheng, Bo; Xu, Wen; Cao, Jiachen; Zhou, Kaiyue; Zhao, Yu

doi:10.1029/2022jd037489

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The site-average dry, bulk and total N deposition in China were estimated at 20.2 ± 1.60, 19.0 ± 0.82 and 39.2 ± 2.42 kg N ha − 1 yr − 1 during the 10 years, respectively. Given the spatial heterogeneity of monitoring sites, the geographic annual mean fluxes were 14.8 ± 1.71, 12.8 ± 0.82 and 27.7 ± 2.42 kg N ha − 1 yr − 1 for dry, bulk, and total N deposition, which are in good agreement with satellite observations and model simulations 17 , 18 . Annual N deposition was estimated to continuously decline in China by about 19%, 26%, and 23% for dry, bulk, and total deposition from 2012 to 2020, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

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Combined short-term and long-term emission controls improve air quality sustainably in China

Wen,

Ma,

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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The effectiveness of national policies for air pollution control has been demonstrated, but the relative effectiveness of short-term emission reduction measures in comparison with national policies has not. Here we show that short-term abatement measures during important international events substantially reduced PM2.5 concentrations, but air quality rebounded to pre-event levels after the measures ceased. Long-term adherence to strict emission reduction policies led to successful decreases of 54% in PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing, and 23% in atmospheric nitrogen deposition in China from 2012 to 2020. Incentivized by “blue skies” type campaigns, economic development and reactive nitrogen pollution are quickly decoupled, showing that a combination of inspiring but aggressive short-term measures and effective but durable long-term policies delivers sustainable air quality improvement. However, increased ammonia concentrations, transboundary pollutant flows, and the complexity to achieving reduction targets under climate change scenarios, underscore the need for the synergistic control of multiple pollutants and inter-regional action.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…S11 ). The N deposition simulation results were calibrated against NNDMN monitoring data from 2008 to 2017 18 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined short-term and long-term emission controls improve air quality sustainably in China

Wen,

Ma,

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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“…Well performance was achieved for WS 10 , T 2 , PRESS, RH and PREC with NMB values ranging in −0.22 to 0.20. The daily WS 10 was overpredicted while monthly PREC was underestimated as their simulations were influenced by multi‐factors, such as spatial resolution of the model grid (Bernardet et al., 2000), inaccuracy of global reanalysis‐driven data (Ma et al., 2023), uncertainties in planetary boundary layer, cloud microphysical and cumulus convection schemes (Carvalho et al., 2012; Tapiador et al., 2019; L. Yu et al., 2017; Y. Zhao et al., 2021), model settings (Borge et al., 2008; Ma et al., 2023) and terrain effects (Gerber et al., 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Below‐Cloud Scavenging Coefficients of Sulfate, Nitrate, and Ammonium in PM_2.5 and Implications for Numerical Simulation and Air Pollution Control

Yao,

Kong,

Nemitz

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Below‐cloud scavenging (BS) is often underestimated in chemical transport models (CTMs) due to inaccurate parameterizations of BS coefficient for fine particle (Λ) caused by a shortage of high‐time resolution field observations. Rainfall ions and related air pollutants were measured hourly in Central China (CC) during 2019. BS contributed to 37%–68% of wet deposition for , , and (SNA). By a bulk method coupled with brute‐force search, the Λ (10−2–10 hr−1) was parameterized for SNA in PM2.5, which was 1–3 orders of magnitudes higher than theoretical calculations in CTMs. These chemical‐specific Λ parameterizations were validated by EMEP model. Compared to baselines, updated simulations for annual SNA wet deposition increased by 3.3%–20.4% and for mean PM2.5 SNA concentrations reduced by 1.2%–40%, capturing measurements better. The contributions of scavenged gases to wet deposition below cloud were calculated as 9%–73%, exhibiting discrepancies (2%–17% for HNO3 and 19%–90% for SO2) with previous modeling results as different Λ schemes adopted in CTMs. The nonlinearity between Λ and precipitation intensity causes frequency exerting stronger impact on aerosol burden than intensity and duration. Periodic light rain with a precipitation amount of 1–10 mm per event can eliminate 60% of SNA in PM2.5 and is suggested as a routine procedure to improve local air quality. Analyzing a typical washout process after a haze event in CC, BS could reduce PM2.5 SNA concentrations by 44%–54% derived from improved parameterizations.

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“…This has led to an upsurge of ammonia (NH 3 ) and NOx concentrations in the ambient atmosphere, which translates to the generation of nitric acid rain. Meanwhile, NH 3 and NOx (NO + NO 2 ) emissions have accelerated nitrogen (N) deposition (Yu et al, 2019;Ma et al, 2023). the annual emissions of reactive N in China have increased by nearly 83.57% (Cui et al, 2013;Deng et al, 2023), which has resulted in the N deposition in China being much higher than that in other countries (Xuejun et al, 2013;Ge et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of short-term simulated acid rain and nitrogen deposition on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

Ding,

Sun,

et al. 2024

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Acid rain and nitrogen deposition are emerging as global scale environmental issues due to increasing industrial emissions and agricultural pollutants, which seriously impac t the sustainable development of global ecosystems. However, the specific effects both acid rain and nitrogen deposition interactions on forest soil ecosystems, particularly as relates to the soil nutrient content and enzyme activities, remain unclear. Therefore, we established a simulated sample plot of acid rain (SR, NR) and nitrogen deposition (N) and their interactions (SRN, NRN) in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata (C. lanceolata) plantation in the Yangtze River Delta region of China to investigate the impacts of these factors via correlation analysis and structural equation model (SEM). The results showed that acid rain had a stronger effect on soil pH than nitrogen deposition in C. lanceolata plantation, while the simultaneous addition of acid rain and nitrogen deposition exacerbated soil acidification. Soil available potassium, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in C. lanceolata plantation responded more obviously to acid rain and nitrogen deposition, in which acid rain, nitrogen deposition and their interactions significantly reduced soil available potassium content, while acid rain and nitrogen deposition interactions significantly increased soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content. Nitric acid rain, nitrogen deposition and their interactions significantly increased soil NAGase activity, but significantly decreased soil urease activity; the single-factor treatment of acid rain and nitrogen deposition significantly increased soil arylsulfatase activity, while the interaction of acid rain and nitrogen deposition significantly decreased soil arylsulfatase activity; in general, the interaction of acid rain and nitrogen deposition had a stronger effect on the soil ecosystem of the C. lanceolata plantation than that of single acid rain or nitrogen deposition, of which nitrogen deposition exacerbated the effects of acid rain on the soil ecosystem of C. lanceolata plantation mainly by changing the soil pH and the content of effective nutrients.

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Trend and Interannual Variations of Reactive Nitrogen Deposition in China During 2008–2017 and the Roles of Anthropogenic Emissions and Meteorological Conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 85 publications

Combined short-term and long-term emission controls improve air quality sustainably in China

Combined short-term and long-term emission controls improve air quality sustainably in China

Improving Below‐Cloud Scavenging Coefficients of Sulfate, Nitrate, and Ammonium in PM_2.5 and Implications for Numerical Simulation and Air Pollution Control

Effects of short-term simulated acid rain and nitrogen deposition on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

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Trend and Interannual Variations of Reactive Nitrogen Deposition in China During 2008–2017 and the Roles of Anthropogenic Emissions and Meteorological Conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 85 publications

Combined short-term and long-term emission controls improve air quality sustainably in China

Combined short-term and long-term emission controls improve air quality sustainably in China

Improving Below‐Cloud Scavenging Coefficients of Sulfate, Nitrate, and Ammonium in PM2.5 and Implications for Numerical Simulation and Air Pollution Control

Effects of short-term simulated acid rain and nitrogen deposition on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

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Improving Below‐Cloud Scavenging Coefficients of Sulfate, Nitrate, and Ammonium in PM_2.5 and Implications for Numerical Simulation and Air Pollution Control