Trend of COVID-19 cases and health sector response in Nepal

Dhimal, Meghnath; Neupane, Tamanna; Adhikari, Samir Kumar

doi:10.3126/asta.v1i1.30273

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The country at the beginning also enforced 2 weeks of self and home quarantine for people visiting Nepal, which was extended to 3 weeks on April 4, 2020. 6 The promotional campaigns for "Visit Nepal 2020", "Sagarmatha Sambaad" and other international events were also halted. 7 However, at the beginning of the COVID-19 cases in the country, the country was not sufficiently prepared to respond to the pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The country sent its first case sample to Hong Kong and on 27 th January 2020 rRT-PCR test began at the National Public Health Laboratory. 6 The country had an unrealistically low incidence of the infection, though unrestricted returns of migrant workers happened through the country's porous borders with India, which can be accounted to insufficient diagnosis due to lack of testing. 7 Randomized Control Trials (RCT), considered the gold standard to evaluate the causal effect of an intervention, it is not always possible to do RCT because of limited resources, ethical considerations, and their practicality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of interrupted Time Series Design in COVID-19 data of Nepal

Sharma

Bhandary²,

Nepal³

2022

jgpeman

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Introduction: Nepal was hit hard by COVID-19 pandemic and is still struggling with its implications for individuals, societies, and health systems. We applied Interrupted Time Series (ITS) analysis to see if the government's decision to end two nationwide lockdowns had an impact on the average daily new cases of COVID-19 reported in Nepal. Method: ITS analysis on daily new cases of COVID-19 was performed for first and second nationwide lockdown on data of Nepal from data depository for 2019 Novel Coronavirus Visual Dashboard operated by Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering. Impact of ''ending nationwide lockdown'' and possible associated factors were investigated. Result: The impact of removing first nationwide lockdown contributed to statistically significant rise of an average difference of 899 daily new cases due to community transmission of COVID-19. During second lockdown, even after imposing lockdown, cases overwhelmed existing healthcare system due to high infectivity of new Delta variant followed by a lack of adherence to public health measures and delayed decision to impose lockdown due to economic reasons. Whereas significant decline of cases was observed with an average difference of 2970 daily new cases after ending second nationwide lockdown mostly due to vaccine acceptance. Conclusion: First lockdown was imposed early due to uncertainty about progression of disease, curative measures and unavailability of vaccines. Ending of first lockdown was done untimely due to economic reasons and festive seasons. The unusual decline in cases after ending second lockdown could be contributed to increased vaccination in the country.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of interrupted Time Series Design in COVID-19 data of Nepal

Sharma

Bhandary²,

Nepal³

2022

jgpeman

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“…5 During outbreak of pandemic, the rate of transmission was not so high but later on when the international migrants started to return back, the number of cases started to increase as government also started the contract tracing. 6 There was lockdown and different strategies applied by government of Nepal to minimize the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Despite these efforts, SARS-CoV-2 was wide spread among the Nepali population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of First Wave of Sars-Cov-2 Patients in Bagmati Province of Nepal

Adhikari

Adhikari²,

Himanshu³

et al. 2021

JCMC

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Background: The first wave of COVID 19 pandemic was among all age group with different presentations and outcome. This study done was to explore the social demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 patients in Bagmati province. Methods: A retrospective study was done among the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients registered during the first wave in provincial Health Emergency Operation Center (PHEOC), Bagmati, Nepal. Data was collected from 14th April 2020 to 15th October 2020. Demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, isolation centers and outcome of Bagmati province were analyzed and described. Results: Among the 58916 cases; 37045 (62.87%) were male 21871 (37.12%) were female, 4434 (7.52%) cases were below 18 years while 54482 (92.47%) were of older than 18 years. Median age was 36.56 years (IQR 1 day to 108 years). There were 1507 (2.55%) cases having co morbidities while 57409 (97.44%) did not have. There were 48734 (82.71%) asymptomatic cases and 10182 (17.28%) symptomatic. There were cases having fever 2665 (26.17%), loss of taste 2130 (20.91%), loss of smell 2097 (20.59%), cough 1330 (13.06%) and common cold 895 (8.79%) with involvement of respiratory system, gastroenterology and central nervous system. Home and intuitional isolated cases were 55227 (93.73%) and 3689 (6.26%) respectively. Four hundred eighty-seven (6.04%) had travel history within 15 days and 242 (0.41%) died. Conclusions: In the first wave of the COVID pandemic, most cases were asymptomatic while systemic involvement of CNS; respiratory, gastrointestinal symptoms were common presentation. Mostly patient remained in home isolation, few cases had co morbidity and had good outcome in total.

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“…The first confirmed imported case in Nepal was reported on 23 rd of January 2020 and Nepal made different efforts for prevention and control of COVID-19 in the country. 2 The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious national health challenge and several public health measures have been initiated at the national, provincial and local levels to combat it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though there are very few studies none of the studies have systematically explored the age and gender differences in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in Nepal. 2,4,5 This study is aimed to explore age and gender differences in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in Nepal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Gender Differences in COVID 19 Morbidity and Mortality in Nepal

Dhimal¹,

Rana

Aryal

et al. 2020

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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Background The global health community has emphasized the importance of reporting epidemiological data by age and sex groups in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, age and sex disaggregated data of COVID-19 cases and deaths are rarely reported. Such data are very crucial for public to make truly informed choices about their own diseases risk and also for governments for public policy response. Objective To assess age and gender difference among COVID-19 cases and deaths in Nepal. Method This is a retrospective study which uses public data on COVID-19 cases and deaths released by Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal from January to November, 2020. The data analysis was carried out using SPPS software version 26. Result Nepal reported 233,452 confirmed cases and 1,566 deaths of COVID-19 from 23 January 2020 to 30 November 2020. We found statistically significant differences on COVID-19 cases by age and gender in Nepal with higher number of cases among males of economically active age groups (20-60 years). Similarly, we found significant difference in COVID-19 mortality with more death occurred among male group compared to female group and with highest number of deaths among the people of above 60 years. Furthermore, we found differences in cases and deaths among provinces. Conclusion The age and gender differences in COVID cases and deaths in Nepal indicates needs of considering age and sex groups seriously while planning for testing, case management and vaccination against COVID-19 infections in Nepal.

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Trend of COVID-19 cases and health sector response in Nepal

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Use of interrupted Time Series Design in COVID-19 data of Nepal

Use of interrupted Time Series Design in COVID-19 data of Nepal

Epidemiological, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of First Wave of Sars-Cov-2 Patients in Bagmati Province of Nepal

Age and Gender Differences in COVID 19 Morbidity and Mortality in Nepal

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