Trend of hepatitis B virus infection in freshmen classes at two high schools in Hualien, Taiwan from 1991 to 1999

Lin, Hans Hsienhong; Lin, Sherry; Chiang, Yu-Ming; Wang, Li‐Yu; Huang, Lu-Chin; Huang, Shi‐Che; Liu, Tso‐Tsa

doi:10.1002/jmv.10125

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fifty‐six percent of the total population of Hualien County reside in Hualien City and Jian Township, both of which are located in northern Hualien. The prevalence rate of HBsAg in subjects born before 1978 was 17.0%,11 which was similar to that of the whole islands 2. There are seven public and six private senior high schools in Hualien County and the total number of freshmen is ∼4,000 annually.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 75%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chronic hepatitis B infection in adolescents who received primary infantile vaccination

Lin

Wang

2013

Hepatology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health issue. Universal infantile hepatitis B (HB) vaccination is very efficacious. However, HBV infections among those immunized subjects have been reported. The long-term efficacy of postnatal passive-active HB vaccination in high-risk subjects is not well explored. A total of 8,733 senior high school students who were born after July 1987 were assayed for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs). The overall HBsAg and anti-HBs-positive rates were 1.9% and 48.3%, respectively. The HBsAg-positive rate was 15% in HB immunoglobulin (HBIG) recipients (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 15.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.99-22.22). Among students who did not receive HBIG, there was a significantly negative association between HB vaccination dosage and HBsAg-positive rate (P for trend 5 0.011). Adjusted ORs for those who received 4, 3, and 1 to 2 doses were 1.00, 1.52 (95% CI: 0.91-2.53), and 2.85 (95% CI: 1.39-5.81), respectively. Among HBIG recipients, the HBsAgpositive rate was significantly higher in subjects with maternal hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positivity and who received HBIG off-schedule. A booster dose of HB vaccination was administered to 1974 HBsAg-and anti-HBs-negative subjects. Prebooster and a postbooster blood samples were drawn for anti-HBs quantification. The proportions of postbooster anti-HBs titer <10 mIU/mL was 27.9%. Subjects with prebooster anti-HBs titers of 1.0-9.9 mIU/mL had significantly higher postbooster anti-HBs titers than those with prebooster anti-HBs titers of <1.0 mIU/mL (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Having maternal HBeAg positivity is the most important determinant for HBsAg positivity in adolescents who received postnatal passive-active HB vaccination 15 years before. A significant proportion of complete vaccinees may have lost their immunological memories against HBsAg. (HEPATOLOGY 2013;57:38-45) H epatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global issue, affecting two billion people in the world, with 360 million chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).1 The sequalae of chronic HBV infection, including hepatic failure, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, shorten lives and impose great economic burdens on society.Taiwan has been an endemic area of HBV infection, with an HBV infection rate of 95% and a 15%-20% HBsAg carrier rate in the general population.2 Vertical transmission is the main cause of persistent HBV infection in Taiwan 3 ; fortunately, it can be blocked by passive-active vaccination after birth. [4][5][6] To control HBV infection, a hepatitis B (HB) vaccination program was launched in Taiwan in 1984, starting with newborns of highly infectious mothers, and expanded to all newborns in 1986. 7The remarkable effectiveness of universal infantile HB vaccination program (UIHBVP) is well documented. [8][9][10][11][12] In Taiwan, the HBV infection and carrier rates of children born after the program has declined dramatically. [10][11][12] The incidence of infantile fulminant he...

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The remarkable effectiveness of universal infantile HB vaccination program (UIHBVP) is well documented 8‐12. In Taiwan, the HBV infection and carrier rates of children born after the program has declined dramatically 10‐12. The incidence of infantile fulminant hepatitis13 and childhood hepatocellular carcinoma has also declined 14, 15…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic hepatitis B infection in adolescents who received primary infantile vaccination

Lin

Wang

2013

Hepatology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…5 The remarkable effectiveness of universal infantile HB vaccination is well documented in many countries. [6][7][8][9] A significant reduction of HBV seroprevalence was recently reported in Egypt. 10 The frequency of HBV infection as a cause of symptomatic HB decreased from 43.4% in 1983 to 28.5% in 2002 and was largely attributed to the universal HB vaccination program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody levels against hepatitis B virus after hepatitis B vaccination in Egyptian diabetic children and adolescents

Elrashidy¹,

Elbahrawy

El–Didamony³

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global issue affecting 2 billion people in the world, with 360 million chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). 1 The prevalence of HBV is estimated to be 6.7% among the general population in Egypt. 2 Although it has been widely accepted that genotype D is the most prevalent among Egyptians, genotype C was recently detected Background: The remarkable effectiveness of universal infantile hepatitis B (HB) vaccination is well documented in many countries. Nevertheless, the influence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the sero-protective level of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) after HB vaccination has not been investigated in egyptian children. The aim of this study was to investigate long-term anti-HBs sero-protective levels after infantile HB vaccination in egyptian IDDM children.Results: The mean age of the healthy children was 10.86 ± 1.21 y (range, 5.5-15 y); 49 (45.8%) were boys and 58 (54.2%) were girls. The mean age of the IDDM children was 10.29 ± 3.04 y (range, 4-17 y); 32 (50.8%) were boys and 31 (49.2%) were girls. There were no significant differences between the healthy and IDDM children with respect to age and sex (p > 0.05). among the 107 healthy children, 43 (40%) did not have a protective anti-HBs level (anti-HBs < 10 IU/L) and 64 (60%) had a protective level (anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/L). In contrast, among the IDDM children, 44 (69.8%) and 19 (30.2%) did not and did have protective anti-HBs levels, respectively. This difference in anti-HBs concentration between healthy and diabetic children was highly significant (p < 0.001). None of the vaccinated healthy or IDDM children was reactive to HBsag or total anti-HBc.Patients and Methods: a total of 170 children (81 boys, 89 girls) who had been routinely vaccinated against HB were included. Their mean age was 10 ± 2.1 y. The enrolled children were divided into healthy (n = 107) and IDDM (n = 63) cohorts. Body Mass Index and levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsag), total antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and anti-HBs were evaluated in all children. In addition, the duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) and levels of glycated hemoglobin (Hba1c) were measured in IDDM children.Conclusion: Our results are alarming. It appears that the majority of egyptian diabetic children vaccinated against HB may not have sufficient anti-HBs levels to protect them from HB. Moreover, this study emphasizes the need for a population-based strategy for the management of patients without an anti-HBs protective level after HB vaccination and justifies the need to elucidate the heritability of those children.

show abstract

“…We had the opportunity to undertake annual serological surveys of the freshmen class of the two senior high schools in Hualien since 1991 [Lin et al, 1992a]. We reported a trend of a decreasing HBsAg carrier rate in subjects surveyed from 1991 to 1999 [Lin et al, 2002]. In this paper, we included the results of the data surveyed in 2000 and 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of hepatitis B carrier rate in vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects: Sixteen years after newborn vaccination program in Taiwan

Lin

Wang

et al. 2003

Journal of Medical Virology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Taiwan was an endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and related liver diseases cause a significant drain of public resources. To control the endemic, a nation-wide newborn vaccination program was started in 1985. We reviewed the results of the annual survey for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) performed in freshmen class of two high schools in Hualien, eastern Taiwan, from 1991 to 2001. A total of 10,194 students, most of them 15 years old, were tested for serum HBsAg using enzyme immunoassays. There is a significant trend (P < 0.0001) of decreasing HBsAg carrier rate from 20.3 to 4.4% in males and 14.3% to 2.4% in females, respectively, over 11 years. The HBsAg carrier rate was 16.0-20.3% in students surveyed during 1991-1993 (born more than 6 years before the start of the national vaccination program), which decreased to 7.7-11.9% during 1994-1999 (born 1-6 years before the program). It further declined to 4.7% and 3.4% in 2000 and 2001 (born after the start of the program). The HBsAg carrier rate in male students was significantly higher than that in female students in most of the years. The HBV newborn vaccination program not only successfully prevented most of the perinatal transmission of HBV but also reduced horizontal transmission of HBV to children born up to 6 years before the start of the program. Also, the protection persisted for at least 15 years.

show abstract

Trend of hepatitis B virus infection in freshmen classes at two high schools in Hualien, Taiwan from 1991 to 1999

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Chronic hepatitis B infection in adolescents who received primary infantile vaccination

Chronic hepatitis B infection in adolescents who received primary infantile vaccination

Antibody levels against hepatitis B virus after hepatitis B vaccination in Egyptian diabetic children and adolescents

Decline of hepatitis B carrier rate in vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects: Sixteen years after newborn vaccination program in Taiwan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About