Trend of Nutritional Support in Preterm Infants

Ho, Man Yau; Yen, Yu Hsuan

doi:10.1016/j.pedneo.2015.10.006

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…1,5,[13][14][15][16] Lipids emulsions help to reach the high caloric requirements of preterm and are the unique source of essential fatty acids. Lipids should account for 25-40% of non-protein calories.…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding of preterm infants and fortification of breast milk

Mangili

Garzoli

2017

Pediatr Med Chir

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The administration of the adequate amount of nutrients helps to improve a correct short-term linear growth and long-term neurocognitive development. To reduce the extra-uterine growth delay in very low birth weight infants (VLBW) the best strategy of nutrition (parenteral or enteral) should be established rapidly, since the first day of life. In preterm infants, nutrition can be administered parenterally and enterally. Prematurity is the most frequent indication for parenteral nutritional support due to intestinal functional immune deficiency, deficiency of digestive enzymatic systems and reduced nutritional reserve of these infants. In terms of enteral nutrition, breast milk is the first choice. In case of preterm and VLBW infants, fortifiers are used to overcome breast milk's protein and mineral deficiencies. When breast milk is not available, specific infant formula is the alternative. IntroductionThe improvement of neonatal care has led to an increase in the survival rate of very low birth weight infants (VLBW) infants (<1500 g). Nonetheless, growth failure is still a very frequent issue with incidence that ranges from 43 to 97% among various neonatal units. Thus, more aggressive nutritional strategies have been developed: first the parenteral nutrition then the enteral nutrition. Parenteral nutrition is often the only source of nutrients that can be used during the period of clinical instability. 1 Enteral nutrition must be gradually introduced as soon as possible; in presence of a good enteral tolerance, the parenteral nutrition should be rapidly discontinued, thus reducing its related side effects. 2 Parenteral nutritionAssuring an adequate nutrition to preterm infants is a real challenge, especially during the first hours after birth, when a total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is needed to meet the high nutritional requirements but it is often complicated by glucose and lipids intolerance. 3 Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an intravenous nutritional therapy that includes the administration of fluids, electrolytes, glucose, proteins, lipids, minerals, vitamins and oligo-elements. 4 It should be started as soon as possible within the first 24 hours of life. It can be prescribed in individualized or standardized administration; PN is provided through a central catheter (umbilical vein catheter or percutaneous central catheter) or, temporarily, via a peripheral route in the case of partial parenteral solutions and low osmolar load (<600 mOsm/L). Fluids and electrolytesIn the first week of life changes occur in the extracellular and intracellular compartments, resulting in a redistribution of fluids. This is one of the reason that explains the weight loss (5-10% of birth weight) that usually takes place during the first days of life. The fluid intake in the newborn (VLBW) and very low birth weight (ELBW) starts with 80-90 mL/kg/day and then is gradually increased by 10-20 mL/kg/day up to 160-180 and 150-160 mL/kg/day, respectively. 2,5-8 Electrolytic supplementation usually begins on the third-fourth day of...

show abstract

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding of preterm infants and fortification of breast milk

Mangili

Garzoli

2017

Pediatr Med Chir

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The American Society of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (ASPEN) [17] cites studies in which preterm newborns who took more than 7 days to reach 90Kcal/kg/day, required greater insulin use, lost more weight on the first week, and presented a higher incidence of NEC and retinopathy of prematurity. According to this guideline, when comparing full parenteral nutrition support during the first hour of life and infusion of dextrose during the first 48 hours, it was found that the supply of amino acids and lipids, as of the first hour of life, provided greater retention of nitrogen and energy intake, compensating for the loss of endogenous protein of 0.5-1g/day observed in preterm infants [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The European Society recommends up to 4.5g/ kg/day for children weighing less than one kilogram [7,17]. According to the need or not to catch up growth, 3.8 to 4.4g/kg/day can be offered to children with GA between 26 and 30 weeks; 3.4 to 4g/kg/day to those between 30 and 36 weeks; and 2.8 to 3.4g/kg/day to those born between 36 and 40 weeks [18], which are much higher values than those found in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein-energy adequacy and nutritional evolution of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit

Holzbach

Moreira

2018

Rev. Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Article based on the masther thesis of LC HOLZBACH, entitled "Segurança alimentar e qualidade em terapia nutricional de recém-nascidos pré-termo A B S T R A C T ObjectiveTo evaluate the prescription of protein-calorie nutrition and its adequacy to the requirements of preterm newborns. MethodsProspective study with 30 preterm infants from a neonate intensive unit care. Anthropometric and nutritional therapy data were collected daily. Nutritional demands were defined according to the national guidelines. Protein-calorie nutritional support was considered adequate when it reached 70% of the calculated demand. The evolution of nutritional status was evaluated according to the growth curves of preterm infants. Statistical analyses were performed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.0, at a 5% significance level. ResultsThe means of demand, prescription and infusion significantly differed from each other. The values of calories and proteins prescribed and infused were inadequate according to the calculated ones. There was no significant CC BY

show abstract

“…We read with great interest the recent article on "Trend of Nutritional Support in Preterm Infants" reported by Ho MY et al 1 Both human and animal-based investigations indicate that insufficient protein intake during critical developmental periods may adversely affect long-term linear growth, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and general health.…”

Section: Nutritional Support In Preterm Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%