Trending Cardiovascular Nutrition Controversies

Freeman, Andrew M.; Morris, Pamela B.; Barnard, Neal D.; Esselstyn, Caldwell B.; Ros, Emilio; Agatston, Arthur S.; Devries, Stephen; O’Keefe, James H.; Miller, Michael; Ornish, Dean; Williams, Kim A.; Kris-Etherton, Penny M.

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.086

Cited by 132 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Coconut oil is also associated with increased levels of cholesterol, 45,46 LDL cholesterol, 11 and the chance of CVD due to its high SFA concentration. 31,47 Our results demonstrated that rats fed with HFD and supplemented with VCO have high levels of plasma lipid peroxidation. In addition, as a compensatory response to oxidative damage caused by chronic exposure to HFD and VCO, the animals presented an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPx.…”

mentioning

confidence: 54%

Virgin Coconut Oil Associated with High-Fat Diet Induces Metabolic Dysfunctions, Adipose Inflammation, and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation

Ströher

Oliveira

Martinez-Oliveira

et al. 2020

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Obesity reaches an epidemic level worldwide, and this condition is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and secondary comorbidities, largely driven by global changes in lifestyle and diet. Various dietary approaches are proposed for the obesity treatment and its associated metabolic disorders. Good taste, antioxidant functions, and vitamins have been attributed to virgin coconut oil (VCO). However, VCO contains a large amount of saturated fatty acids, and the consumption of this fat is associated with a number of secondary diseases. We evaluate the effects of VCO supplementation on biochemical, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters in rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD). After feeding with HFD for 12 weeks, the animals were supplemented with VCO for 30 days. HFD+VCO group increased in diet intake, weight gain, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. These findings were accompanied by increased in hepatic lipid profile and fat deposition in the liver. Adipocyte hypertrophy was observed in the HFD+VCO group, which was associated with elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) in adipose tissue. These results revealed that VCO associated with HFD induced important metabolic alterations, adipose inflammation, and hepatic lipid accumulation in rats.

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mentioning

confidence: 54%

Virgin Coconut Oil Associated with High-Fat Diet Induces Metabolic Dysfunctions, Adipose Inflammation, and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation

Ströher

Oliveira

Martinez-Oliveira

et al. 2020

Journal of Medicinal Food

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“…Plant-based diets consist of predominantly plant foods and a low intake of animal foods (1,2). Research has shown that plant-based diets are associated with lower risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Diets and Incident CKD and Kidney Function

Kim¹,

Caulfield²,

García-Larsen³

et al. 2019

CJASN

151

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Background and objectives The association between plant-based diets, incident CKD, and kidney function decline has not been examined in the general population. We prospectively investigated this relationship in a populationbased study, and evaluated if risk varied by different types of plant-based diets. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Analyses were conducted in a sample of 14,686 middle-aged adults enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Diets were characterized using four plant-based diet indices. In the overall plant-based diet index, all plant foods were positively scored; in the healthy plant-based diet index, only healthful plant foods were positively scored; in the provegetarian diet, selected plant foods were positively scored. In the less healthy plant-based diet index, only less healthful plant foods were positively scored. All indices negatively scored animal foods. We used Cox proportional hazards models to study the association with incident CKD and linear mixed models to examine decline in eGFR, adjusting for confounders. Results During a median follow-up of 24 years, 4343 incident CKD cases occurred. Higher adherence to a healthy plant-based diet (HR comparing quintile 5 versus quintile 1 [HR Q5 versus Q1 ], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.78 to 0.96; P for trend =0.001) and a provegetarian diet (HR Q5 versus Q1 , 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.99; P for trend =0.03) were associated with a lower risk of CKD, whereas higher adherence to a less healthy plant-based diet (HR Q5 versus Q1 , 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.21; P for trend =0.04) was associated with an elevated risk. Higher adherence to an overall plant-based diet and a healthy plant-based diet was associated with slower eGFR decline. The proportion of CKD attributable to lower adherence to healthy plant-based diets was 4.1% (95% CI, 0.6% to 8.3%). Conclusions Higher adherence to healthy plant-based diets and a vegetarian diet was associated with favorable kidney disease outcomes.

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“…Správný stravovací režim je základním kamenem prevence i léčby KVO, i když je nutné připustit, že přesné vysvětlení výhod konzumace některých potravin vzhledem k manifestaci onemocnění, není dosud zcela jednoznačně formulováno. 25 Výzkum vlivu výživy na KVO probíhá, včetně validní statistické analýzy výsledků, studie případů a kontrol a z pohledu poměru nákladů a přínosů (cost--effectiveness ratio) je třeba říci, že tyto studie nejsou drahé a přinášejí nové poznatky, které pomáhají lépe formulovat a upřesnit doporučení týkající se nefarmakologických opatření k ovlivnění kardiovaskulárních onemocnění. 5 Podle Světové zdravotnické organizace většina hlavních faktorů, které se uplatňují nepříznivě ve vztahu ke zdraví člověka, souvisí s výživou.…”

Section: Dietní Opatřeníunclassified