Trends and inequalities in caesarean section delivery in India, 1992–2021

Chauhan, Bal Govind; Radkar, Anjali

doi:10.1007/s10389-023-01888-3

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The increasing trend of CS use among women with the increase in education has been found consistent over the years. This finding coincides with the result conducted previously in Bangladesh [ 17 , 20 ], India [ 48 ], Pakistan [ 54 ], China [ 55 ], Nepal [ 56 ], Nigeria [ 49 ], and Ghana [ 35 ]. The possible explanation behind this finding could be educated women are more like to belong to the higher economic status which contribute to the selection of private facility for delivery leading to increased number of CS [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This finding coincides with the result conducted previously in Bangladesh [ 17 , 20 ], India [ 48 ], Pakistan [ 54 ], China [ 55 ], Nepal [ 56 ], Nigeria [ 49 ], and Ghana [ 35 ]. The possible explanation behind this finding could be educated women are more like to belong to the higher economic status which contribute to the selection of private facility for delivery leading to increased number of CS [ 48 ]. Again educated women tends to take their own healthcare decision resulting in choosing CS as perceived safe and painless option for delivery [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Despite the increase in the prevalence of CS in all wealth quintile the rise in the prevalence in the poorest quintile was found significantly small than the high rise of CS among the richest quintile people. This result corroborates with the finding of the studies conducted previously in Bangladesh [ 17 , 20 , 46 ], India [ 12 , 47 , 48 ], Nigeria [ 49 ], Ghana [ 35 ], and Burundi [ 50 ]. The possible reasons behind this finding could the women in higher wealth quintile prefer to have the delivery by CS as a safe option being able to bear the expenses [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Although the prevalence of cesarean section delivery increased in both urban and rural settings the rate of increase in much higher in the urban areas than the rural areas. Studies conducted in Bangladesh [ 17 , 20 ], India [ 47 , 48 ], Nepal [ 56 ], Nigeria [ 49 ], and Burundi [ 50 ] supports this finding. The feasible explanation behind this finding could be the higher availability [ 52 ] and better accessibility [ 59 ] of the heath facility in the urban area than the rural area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Socioeconomic and geographical inequalities in delivery by cesarean section among women in Bangladesh, 2004–2017

Kundu,

Sharif,

Chowdhury

et al. 2024

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background There is a dearth of evidence on the trends and inequalities in utilizing cesarean section (CS) among women in Bangladesh. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the socioeconomic and geographical inequalities in delivery by CS among Bangladeshi women from 2004 to 2017. Methods Data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2004, 2007, 2011, 2014, and 2017 were analyzed using the WHO’s Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software. Inequalities were measured using four summary measures: Difference (D), Population Attributable Risk (PAR), Population Attributable Fraction (PAF), and Ratio (R). Socioeconomic inequalities were assessed using two equity dimensions: household wealth status, and level of education, while geographical disparities were measured using two equity dimensions: place of residence, and sub-national regions. For each measure, point estimates and their 95% confidence intervals were reported. Results An increasing trend in the prevalence (weighted) of CS in Bangladesh use was found from 4.50% in 2004 to 32.73% in 2017 We found significant socioeconomic inequalities in CS in every survey point, with a higher concentration of CS among the rich (in 2017, PAR = 28.57; 95% CI: 26.69–30.46) indicating a pro-rich inequality, and higher educated (in 2017, PAF = 23.97; 95% CI: 12.26–35.68) sub-groups. We also identified significant geographical disparities in CS with a higher concentration of CS among people from urban areas (in 2017, PAR = 10.99; 95% CI: 10.19–11.79), and a coastal region (Khulna division) (in 2017, PAF: 30.48 (95% CI: 18.66–42.30). Conclusion We observed both socioeconomic and geographical inequalities in CS exist in Bangladesh, though the trends of these inequalities were curved over time. Thus, it is important to comprehend these pro-rich and geographical inequalities better and implement appropriate interventions and policies to alleviate them.

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