Trends and perioperative outcomes of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) undergoing lower extremity revascularization

Abstract

The development of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly improved the life expectancy of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but has led to the rise of chronic conditions including peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, trends and outcomes among patients with HIV undergoing lower extremity revascularization are poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the trends and perioperative outcomes of lower extremity revascularization among patients with HIV and PAD in a national database. The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was reviewed between 2003 and 2014. All hospital admissions with a diagnosis of PAD undergoing lower extremity revascularization were stratified based on HIV status. Outcomes were assessed using propensity score matching and multivariable regression. Among all patients undergoing lower extremity revascularization for PAD, there was a significant increase in the proportion of patients with HIV from 0.21% in 2003 to 0.52% in 2014 ( p < 0.01). Patients with HIV were more likely to be younger, male, and have fewer comorbidities, including coronary artery disease and diabetes, at the time of intervention compared to patients without HIV. With propensity score matching and multivariable regression, HIV status was associated with increased total hospital costs, but not length of stay, major amputation, or mortality. Patients with HIV with PAD who undergo revascularization are younger with fewer comorbidities, but have increased hospital costs compared to those without HIV. Lower extremity revascularization for PAD is safe for patients with HIV without increased risk of in-hospital major amputation or mortality, and continues to increase each year.

Longitudinal outcomes following peripheral vascular intervention among older persons living with HIV

“…Data on in-hospital outcomes immediately following PVI among PLWH in the National Inpatient Sample did not demonstrate increased rates of in-hospital amputation or mortality, but did not explore events after discharge. 21,22 Multiple factors likely contribute to the increased risk of MALE observed among PLWH in our population. Our data are consistent with prior studies which have reported a high prevalence of traditional cardiac risk factors among PLWH with suboptimal control of modifiable contributors to disease, such as smoking.…”

“…Data on in-hospital outcomes immediately following PVI among PLWH in the National Inpatient Sample did not demonstrate increased rates of in-hospital amputation or mortality, but did not explore events after discharge. 21,22…”