Trends in Antibiotic Resistance of Major Uropathogens

Abstract

<jats:p>Around the world, there is no population clear from urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly among women. UTI is considered the most predominant bacterial infection. This study aimed to detect the incidence of the most common major uropathogens in patients severe from urinary tract infection with antibiotic sensitivity tests that assist urologist doctors for appropriate antimicrobial empirical therapy.Methods: This study was carried in a private laboratory in Babil city, Iraq from May 2019 to May 2020. Totally 70 individuals suffering from clear symptoms of UTI, as well as, 20 healthy persons participated in this study as a control group. Then, the standard microbiological methods carried out to isolate and identify bacterial species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using different antimicrobial discs by applying the Kirby&amp;ndash;Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Totally, 90 specimens were obtained from them 20 control group, 19 with no growth, and 51 patients with bacterial growth distributed as 43 (83%) females and 8 (17%) males. E. coli were the most common predominant organisms. All isolates were showed a high rate of resistance to evaluated cephalosporins 100% and 82% to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, while very low resistance recorded in Aminoglycosides 20% and 13% to Gentamicin and amikacin respectively. Most age group infected with UTI was 21-40 years old.Conclusion: The current study showed an increasing burden of urinary tract infection caused by various bacteria implicated in UTI that causes changeable sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents. Therefore, in clinical use appropriate medications should be selected based on the data obtained from antimicrobial susceptibility tests.</jats:p>

Interleukin-35, D-dimer, and ferritin as mortality predictive in SARS-COV-2

“…It works as an inhibitory cytokine in the immune system, modulating malfunctioning T cells, and regulating various immune-related inflammatory factors. [9,10] Interleukin-35 is also thought to have a function in the regulation of autoimmune illnesses, inflammatory diseases, bacterial and viral infectious diseases, and malignancies. Recent IL-35 research, along with new methodologies for examining receptors and signal transduction pathways, enables IL-35 to be considered as a potential immunotherapy target [11,12].…”

The Prevalence and Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern of Uropathogenic Bacteria among People of Islamabad

“…Complicated urinary tract infections are described as factors that compromise the urinary tract, such as urinary blockage, urinary retention, neurological sickness, immune suppression, renal breakdown, multicystic transformation, pregnancy, and the presence of foreign materials; for example, calculi, indwelling catheters or different drainage devices (Flores-Mireles et al, 2015). The causative agents for complicated infections are Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Flores-Mireles et al, 2015;Al-Khikani, 2020).…”

Virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: The arms race between bacteria and humans

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