Trends in bioconversion of lignocellulose: Biofuels, platform chemicals &amp; biorefinery concept

Menon, Vishnu; Rao, M. R. Raghavendra

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2012.02.002

Cited by 1,413 publications

(803 citation statements)

References 318 publications

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“…Dissolved lignin is characterized by dark color in the solution (black liquor) [23,24]. The neutralization stage needs to be conducted before entering the enzymatic hydrolysis stage to remove lignin and inhibitor substances (eg salts, phenolic acids, and aldehydes) [25]. Pretreatment can increase lignocellulose digestibility in feedstuffs inhibited by several factors, such as: lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, polymerization degree, pore volume, acetyl group bound to hemicellulose, surface area and biomass particle size [26].…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock Feed Production from Sago Solid Waste by Pretreatment and Anaerobic Fermentation Process

Sumardiono

et al. 2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Food needs in Indonesia is increasing, including beef. Today, Indonesia has problem to do selfsufficiency in beef. The cause of the problem is the quality of local beef is still lower compared with imported beef due to the quality of livestock feed consumed. To increase the quality of livestock is through pretreatment and fermentation. Source of livestock feed that processed is solid sago waste (Arenga microcarpa), because in Indonesia that is relatively abundant and not used optimally. Chemical pretreatment process for delignification is by using NaOH solution. The purposes of this research are to study NaOH pretreatment, the addition of Trichoderma sp, and fermentation time to improve the quality of sago solid waste as livestock feed through anaerobic fermentation. The variables used are addition or without addition (4%w NaOH solution and Trichoderma sp 1%w) and fermentation time (7, 14 and 21 days), with the response of crude fiber and protein. The result of this research shows that the pretreatment with soaking of NaOH solution, addition of Trichoderma sp and 14 days of fermentation was more effective to improve the quality of solid sago waste with decrease of crude fiber from 33.37% to 17.36% and increase of crude protein from 4.00% to 7.96%.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock Feed Production from Sago Solid Waste by Pretreatment and Anaerobic Fermentation Process

Sumardiono

et al. 2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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“…The plant cell wall consists of three important lingocellulosic components which include cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. In a plant, the lingocellulose materials comprise 30-50% of cellulose, 15-30% hemicelluloses and 15-35% of non-carbohydrate aromatic polymers the composition vary based on the species, morphology and age of the plant 13,14 . The secondary cell wall is synthesized and differentiated by cellulose microfibrils with superior crystallinity and altered hemi-cellulose content 15 .…”

Section: Plant Cell Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Lignocellulose Degrading Enzymes from Fungi and Their Industrial Applications"

2017

IJCRR

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The rich diversity of fungi and diverse range of enzymes produced by them together make researchers to exploit their potential for various industrial applications. Few of the fungal enzymes have already been harnessed and many other are to be explored and brought into use. Recent studies suggested that the lignin degrading fungi can be used in the bioremediation of aromatic hydrocarbons including dioxins, dibenzofuran, aromatic dyes, etc. Employing fungal enzymes for the treatment of pollutants has gained attraction recent days for their selectivity, specificity and eco-friendly nature. Of these enzymes, peroxidases (lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase) and laccases are the two major classes of enzymes involved in biodegradation of lignin and recalcitrant xenobiotics. In addition, cellulase and hemicellulase were found to play a role in the management of lignocellulosic wastes. The present review gives a detailed account on the various lignocelluloses degrading enzymes, their fungal sources and their industrial applications.

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“…O conceito de produção industrial de biocombustíveis passa necessariamente por grandes plataformas de transformação, baseadas fundamentalmente em processos químicos, bioquímicos e térmicos de conversão. 29 Tais processos têm sido classificados em diferentes gerações, cujo princípio está baseado na maturidade tecnológica que tenham atingido até o momento. 30 Assim, processos maduros como a produção de etanol e butanol a partir de sacarose ou amido e de biodiesel (ésteres graxos) a partir de óleos vegetais são considerados de primeira geração, enquanto que a segunda geração diz respeito à produção de metanol, etanol, butanol, biodiesel, biogás (metano), bio-óleo e gases de síntese a partir de matérias-primas menos nobres como a lignocelulose e materiais residuais, além de combustíveis sintéticos derivados de processos térmicos envolvendo a conversão Fischer-Tropsch e hidrotratamento.…”

Section: Biomassaunclassified

“…31 No âmbito destes diferentes processos e da necessária e desejável integração entre eles, cresce no meio científico e empresarial o conceito de biorrefinarias, cujas premissas estão fortemente associadas aos principais pilares da química verde. 29,32 Neste conceito, toda a matéria-prima processada em uma planta industrial deve deixá-la na forma de produto, e não de efluentes ou de qualquer tipo de material de descarte que possam comprometer a sustentabilidade ambiental do processo. A indústria petroquímica cumpre esta tarefa com todo o conteúdo de um barril de petróleo.…”

Section: Biomassaunclassified

Química Sem Fronteiras: o desafio da energia

Rocha

Andrade

Guarieiro³

et al. 2013

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 25/7/13; aceito em 21/10/13; publicado na web em 01/11/2013 CHEMISTRY WITHOUT BORDERS: THE ENERGY CHALLENGES. Coal, natural gas and petroleum-based liquid fuels are still the most widely used energy sources in modern society. The current scenario contrasts with the foreseen shortage of petroleum that was spread out in the beginning of the XXI century, when the concept of "energy security" emerged as an urgent agenda to ensure a good balance between energy supply and demand. Much beyond protecting refineries and oil ducts from terrorist attacks, these issues soon developed to a portfolio of measures related to process sustainability, involving at least three fundamental dimensions: (a) the need for technological breakthroughs to improve energy production worldwide; (b) the improvement of energy efficiency in all sectors of modern society; and (c) the increase of the social perception that education is a key-word towards a better use of our energy resources. Together with these technological, economic or social issues, "energy security" is also strongly influenced by environmental issues involving greenhouse gas emissions, loss of biodiversity in environmentally sensitive areas, pollution and poor solid waste management. For these and other reasons, the implementation of more sustainable practices in our currently available industrial facilities and the search for alternative energy sources that could partly replace the fossil fuels became a major priority throughout the world. Regarding fossil fuels, the main technological bottlenecks are related to the exploitation of less accessible petroleum resources such as those in the pre-salt layer, ranging from the proper characterization of these deep-water oil reservoirs, the development of lighter and more efficient equipment for both exploration and exploitation, the optimization of the drilling techniques, the achievement of further improvements in production yields and the establishment of specialized training programs for the technical staff. The production of natural gas from shale is also emerging in several countries but its production in large scale has several problems ranging from the unavoidable environmental impact of shale mining as well as to the bad consequences of its large scale exploitation in the past. The large scale use of coal has similar environmental problems, which are aggravated by difficulties in its proper characterization. Also, the mitigation of harmful gases and particulate matter that are released as a result of combustion is still depending on the development of new gas cleaning technologies including more efficient catalysts to improve its emission profile. On the other hand, biofuels are still struggling to fulfill their role in reducing our high dependence on fossil fuels. Fatty acid alkyl esters (biodiesel) from vegetable oils and ethanol from cane sucrose and corn starch are mature technologies whose market share is partially limited by the availability of their raw materials. For this reason, there has been a great ef...

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Trends in bioconversion of lignocellulose: Biofuels, platform chemicals & biorefinery concept

Cited by 1,413 publications

References 318 publications

Livestock Feed Production from Sago Solid Waste by Pretreatment and Anaerobic Fermentation Process

Livestock Feed Production from Sago Solid Waste by Pretreatment and Anaerobic Fermentation Process

"Lignocellulose Degrading Enzymes from Fungi and Their Industrial Applications"

Química Sem Fronteiras: o desafio da energia

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