Trends in Occupational Radiation Doses for U.S. Radiologic                     Technologists Performing General Radiologic and Nuclear Medicine Procedures,                     1980–2015

Villoing, Daphnée; Borrego, David; Preston, Dale L.; Alexander, Bruce H.; Rose, André; Salasky, M.; Linet, Martha S.; Lee, Choonsik; Kitahara, Cari M.

doi:10.1148/radiol.2021204501

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Radiotherapy, as the most effective cytotoxic treatment, is used to cure more than 50% of cancer patients throughout the world . Nevertheless, people subjected to ionizing radiation, such as radiology technologists, radiologists and particularly cancer patients, always develop a series of clinical complications, including toxicity in the bone marrow (hematopoietic syndrome) and GI symptoms. ,, A previous study demonstrated that the small intestine, which is the largest organ in the body and exhibits a higher sensitivity to ionizing radiation, is the major site of damage during irradiation. , Despite having the highest self-renewal rate of the intestinal epithelium, acute radiation injury of intestine may facilitate mucosal epithelium injury, leading to malabsorption, diarrhea, bacterial influx, sepsis, and even death. , Hence, radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage, especially small intestine injury, is a severe problem that needs to be effectively treated for people suffering from IR exposure.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, with the increasing use of nuclear-related technology, an increasing number of people suffer from radiation either passively or proactively in a variety of circumstances. First, a huge group of people are suffering from ionizing radiation (IR) during nuclear terrorism, X-ray film, CT scanning, applications of nuclear medicine (such as radiotherapy), and especially nuclear accidents, in which the harm to people will last for decades or even hundreds of years. − Second, radiation from the environment is also a nonnegligible issue, such as electromagnetic radiation, radiation from radon (Rn) in concrete or ore, and space radiation due to increasing damages of earth magnetic field. − Additionally, numerous radiology technologists and radiation workers are subjected to accidental irradiation exposure in the workplace . Although many safety measures are built in their workplaces, measures cannot be built in all the radiation industries or hospitals, and even safety measures are not perfectly safe for workers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5−8 Additionally, numerous radiology technologists and radiation workers are subjected to accidental irradiation exposure in the workplace. 9 Although many safety measures are built in their workplaces, measures cannot be built in all the radiation industries or hospitals, and even safety measures are not perfectly safe for workers. Therefore, people are exposed to radiation in many situations, and influence from radiation is everywhere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biomodified Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Intestinal Microenvironment to Overcome Radiation Enteritis

Zhao

Jiang

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionizing radiation (IR) is associated with the occurrence of enteritis, and protecting the whole intestine from radiation-induced gut injury remains an unmet clinical need. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) are proven to be vital factors in the establishment of tissue and cell microenvironments. In this study, we aimed to investigate a radioprotective strategy mediated by small EVs (exosomes) in the context of irradiation-induced intestinal injury. We found that exosomes derived from donor mice exposed to total body irradiation (TBI) could protect recipient mice against TBI-induced lethality and alleviate radiation-induced gastrointestinal (GI) tract toxicity. To enhance the protective effect of EVs, profilings of mouse and human exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) were performed to identify the functional molecule in exosomes. We found that miRNA-142-5p was highly expressed in exosomes from both donor mice exposed to TBI and patients after radiotherapy (RT). Moreover, miR-142 protected intestinal epithelial cells from irradiation-induced apoptosis and death and mediated EV protection against radiation enteritis by ameliorating the intestinal microenvironment. Then, biomodification of EVs was accomplished via enhancing miR-142 expression and intestinal specificity of exosomes, and thus improved EV-mediated protection from radiation enteritis. Our findings provide an effective approach for protecting against GI syndrome in people exposed to irradiation.

show abstract

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biomodified Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Intestinal Microenvironment to Overcome Radiation Enteritis

Zhao

Jiang

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This publication was focused solely on scintigraphic procedures, while PET/CT procedures are a major contribution to nuclear medicine. According to the literature, workers performing this type of procedure are more exposed to ionizing radiation than those performing scintigraphic procedures [ 32 ]. Thus, the calculations presented in this publication may provide a basis for improving work schedules for PET/CT employees as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Frequency and Type of Procedures Performed in Nuclear Medicine Units on the Expected Radiological Hazard

Matusiak

Wolna

Jung

et al. 2023

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nuclear medicine procedures play an important role in medical diagnostics and therapy. They are related to the use of ionizing radiation, which affects the radiological exposure of all of the persons involved in their performance. The goal of the study was to estimate the doses associated with the performance of various nuclear medicine procedures in order to optimize workload management. The analysis was performed for 158 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy procedures, 24 bone scintigraphies, 9 thyroid scintigraphies (6 with use of 131I and 3 with 99mTc), 5 parathyroid glands and 5 renal scintigraphies. In this evaluation, two possible locations of thermoluminescent detectors, used for measurements, were taken into consideration: in the control room and directly next to the patient. It was shown how the radiological exposure varies depending on the performed procedure. For high activity procedures, ambient dose equivalent registered in the control room reached the level over 50% of allowed dose limit. For example, ambient dose equivalent obtained in control room when performing bone scintigraphy only was 1.13 ± 0.3 mSv. It is 68% of calculated dose limit in the examined time span. It has been shown that risk associated with nuclear medicine procedures is influenced not only by the type of procedure, but also by the frequency of their performance and compliance with the ALARA principle. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy accounted for 79% of all evaluated procedures. The use of radiation shielding reduced the obtained doses from 14.7 ± 2.1 mSv in patient’s vicinity to 1.47 ± 0.6 mSv behind the shielding. By comparing the results obtained for procedures and dose limits established by Polish Ministry of Health, it is possible to estimate what should be the optimal division of duties between staff, so that everyone receives similar doses.

show abstract

“…The health effect study of exposure to low doses in health workers requires firstly its precise characterization according to the profession and the medical department, as substantial differences may be expected-which has not been done on a large scale and in a dynamic way over time in France. Only few international studies have detailed the trends of radiation exposure in the last decades, but this has been carried out only for specific professions such as radiologic technologists and doctors, or mainly in patients [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in medical staff: trends during the 2009–2019 period in a multicentric study

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives Health workers exposed to ionizing radiation account for + 50% of workers exposed to man-made radiation in France. Over the last decade, the use of radiation in medicine has increased due to the introduction of new practices. The EXposition des Professionnels de santE aux RayonnemenTs ioniSants study aims to evaluate and characterize the trends in radiation exposure of health workers in France between 2009 and 2019. Methods This retrospective study includes all health workers with at least one dosimetric record in the system for occupational dosimetry registration (Système d’information de la surveillance de l’exposition aux rayonnements ionisants) database for each of the years 2009, 2014, and 2019, in the hospitals included in the study. Individual external doses and socio-professional data were collected. Statistical analyses include descriptions, graphs, and logistic regressions. Results A total of 1457 workers were included (mean age: 39.8 years, 59% women). The average exposure significantly decreased between 2009 and 2019 (−0.008 mSv/year, p < 0.05). There were large discrepancies in trends according to professions, departments, hospitals, and gender. Over the 10-year study period, radiologic technologists and physicians were the most exposed (0.15 mSv (95%CI 0.14–0.16) and 0.13 mSv (0.06–0.21), respectively), but their exposure tended to decrease. Workers in nuclear medicine departments had the highest radiation exposure (0.36 mSv (0.33–0.39)), which remained stable over time. Thirty-eight percent of recorded doses were nonzero in 2009, decreasing to 20% in 2019. Conclusions This study allowed to identify physicians and radiologic technologists in nuclear medicine departments as the most exposed medical workers in France, and to show an overall decrease trend in radiation exposure. This should be instructive for radiation monitoring and safety of exposed medical workers. Key Points • Radiation exposure of healthcare workers in most medical departments has steadily decreased between 2009 and 2019 in several French hospitals. • The number of zero doses consistently increased during the study period. • Workers in nuclear medicine departments are the most exposed, especially radiologic technologists and physicians.

show abstract

Trends in Occupational Radiation Doses for U.S. Radiologic Technologists Performing General Radiologic and Nuclear Medicine Procedures, 1980–2015

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Biomodified Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Intestinal Microenvironment to Overcome Radiation Enteritis

Biomodified Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Intestinal Microenvironment to Overcome Radiation Enteritis

Impact of the Frequency and Type of Procedures Performed in Nuclear Medicine Units on the Expected Radiological Hazard

Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in medical staff: trends during the 2009–2019 period in a multicentric study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About