Trends in Ornamental Plant Production

doi:10.3390/books978-3-0365-4686-5

2022

DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-4686-5

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Trends in Ornamental Plant Production

Abstract: Cover image courtesy of Piotr Salachna © 2022 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications.The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND.

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Sediment-Based Growing Media Provides a Window Opportunity for Environmentally Friendly Production of Ornamental Shrubs

et al. 2022

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Sediments remediated with a nature-based solution approach (NBS-sediments) can represent a suitable and affordable alternative to peat as a constituent of growing media for ornamental plant production based on the combination of advanced production efficiency and rational green use of resources, including peat and water. In a greenhouse experiment, the effect of different growing media containing NBS-remediated sediments on two-year-old container grown cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus cv. ‘Novìta’) under standard and induced restrictive irrigation was evaluated. Six ternary mixes with different proportion (45:30:25 and 30:20:50 v/v) of peat:pumice:sediment (PE:TS25, PE:TS50), coconut fiber:pumice:sediment (CF:TS25, CF:TS50) and wood fiber:pumice:sediment (WF:TS25, WF:TS50) were tested in comparison to the standard peat:pumice blend (60:40 v/v), commonly used for pot ornamental crops ad used as control (PE, control). Pots were drip irrigated with 200 and 250 cc daily water volume (DWV). Cherry laurels grown in the control showed the lowest sign of stress, maintaining the highest net CO2 assimilation and transpiration rates, however stomatal conductance was reduced compared to PE:TS mixes. On the other hand, photosynthetic performance was strongly depressed by WF:TS25 and WF:TS50 under reduced DWV compared to the control, due to the combined effect of physical properties of the used matrices and reduced water availability. Nevertheless, final biomass production of plants grown on sediment-based growing media was similar to that of control, indicating that photosynthetic performance of plants fully recovered during the cultivation period. Differences in final plant development were negligible when compared to quality standards of marketing categories. Thus, appropriately blended NBS-sediment-based growing media can be used on a larger scale to produce rustic outdoor ornamentals.

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Sediment-Based Growing Media Provides a Window Opportunity for Environmentally Friendly Production of Ornamental Shrubs

et al. 2022

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Residues from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants after Distillation Can Be Used in Replace Some Peat in the Growing Media for Viola × wittrockiana Production

Chrysargyris,

Tzortzakis

2024

Agronomy

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Plant residues derived from the agro-industrial sector and their disposal are still unsolved issues despite the various research and applications. The current study assessed the possible peat substitution in growing media with solid residues derived from the distillation of Origanum dubium Boiss (OD) and Sideritis cypria Post (SC) after essential oils production. Residues of OD and SC (0–5–10–20% v/v) and their mixture (OD + SC) were examined to partially substitute peat for the production of pansy (Viola × wittrockiana) plants. The presence of OD, SC, and OD + SC residues increased the pH, the electrical conductivity, the organic matter content, and the levels of minerals in the growing media mixtures compared to sole peat while decreasing the total porosity (up to 36.8%) and the available free air (up to 58.3%). The OD residues’ presence in the peat-based media revealed more detrimental effects than the SC, while the OD + SC mixture received intermediate effects. Low residue ratios (≤5% OD, ≤10% SC, ≤10% OD + SC) sustain plant growth and photosynthetic activity of plants, while higher ratios decrease plant growth, chlorophyll content and mineral accumulation due to inappropriate growing media properties, causing plant oxidative stress. This was verified using the increase in malondialdehyde (up to 4.5 times) and hydrogen peroxide (up to 2.1 times) content in plants and the activation of several non-enzymatic antioxidant processes, including total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of the plants. Therefore, OD, SC, and OD + SC at 5%, 10%, and 10%, respectively, can partially substitute peat, as they result in appropriate plant growth and development. However, the growing media’s properties must be improved to ensure adequate yields as well.

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Co-Composting of Green Waste and Dredged Sediments Can Reduce the Environmental Impact of the Potted Nursery without Affecting Plant Growth

Nicese,

Azzini,

Lucchetti

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The ornamental nursery industry is steadily growing in Europe, and a consequent increase in the demand for substrates related to container plant cultivations is expected in the coming years. Currently, substrates consist in part or entirely of peat, a non-renewable resource with concerns about its environmental impact due to extraction, transport, and use. Therefore, it is essential to focus on alternative materials, particularly waste by-products to be recycled as components of substrates to achieve more sustainable cultivations. In this study, substrates obtained by mixing co-composted dredged sediments (S) and green waste (GW) in different ratios (1:3; 1:1; 3:1) were tested for cultivation, and plant growth was compared with a control growing media (peat and pumice in a 1:1 ratio). The cultivation trial lasted for one year and was carried out on two potted ornamental evergreen shrubs (Photinia × fraseri and Viburnum tinus). The results showed that the plant growth parameters of both species, occurring in substrates with co-composted materials, were not significantly affected compared to the control, with the exception of below-ground biomass in V. tinus. Moreover, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was carried out to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) deriving from the replacement of peat with the other proposed substrates. The functional unit was 10 L (Ø 24 cm) potted plants and the results were expressed in kg of CO2 equivalent (kg CO2eq). We demonstrated that the replacement of peat-based substrates with the alternative substrates was able to reduce the GHG emission by an average of 11.56 to 23.13%. Higher GHG emissions were related to the cultivation phase (0.9 kg CO2eq/plant), and while comparing substrates, we obtained an average percentage reduction of 28.1% to 59.6%. Thus, our results suggest that co-composted mixtures of dredged sediments with green waste could be used as sustainable techno-soils for pot nursery cultivation of ornamental species with reduced environmental impact.

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Trends in Ornamental Plant Production

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Sediment-Based Growing Media Provides a Window Opportunity for Environmentally Friendly Production of Ornamental Shrubs

Sediment-Based Growing Media Provides a Window Opportunity for Environmentally Friendly Production of Ornamental Shrubs

Residues from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants after Distillation Can Be Used in Replace Some Peat in the Growing Media for Viola × wittrockiana Production

Co-Composting of Green Waste and Dredged Sediments Can Reduce the Environmental Impact of the Potted Nursery without Affecting Plant Growth

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