Trends in prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity among Swedish children and adolescents between 2004 and 2015

Eriksson, M.; Lingfors, Hans; Golsäter, Marie

doi:10.1111/apa.14356

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…29 30 In our data, boys were more often obese than girls, in general, which was in agreement with previous Chinese reports. [30][31][32] A Swedish report 33 predicted that there was an alarming increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescent boys, which was consistent with our finding. On the one hand, in traditional Chinese culture, the preference for boys may be the reason for the differences in diet, and the elderly believe that fat boys are more powerful than thin boys.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among adolescents in northeastern China: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity among adolescents and evaluate the associated factors in this group in Changchun City in northeastern China.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 1955 adolescents aged 11–18 years was conducted in Changchun City using stratified cluster sampling. Parents and caregivers of children completed the questionnaires as requested without objection. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics and anthropometric parameters. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyse the relationship between overweight/obesity and related factors.ResultsIn total, the prevalence of overweight was 12.7% (male 17.4%; female 10.1%) and of obesity was 4.9% (male 8.8%; female 3.1%) in Changchun, Jilin Province. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in boys than in girls (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that overweight and obesity were significantly associated with male sex (OR=1.91, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.47), eating fresh fruits more than 2 days per week (OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.84) and eating quickly (OR=1.37, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.78). Students who were not picky (OR=0.69, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.90) were less likely to be overweight, and adolescents whose father was overweight or obese (OR=0.67, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.86) or whose mother was overweight or obese (OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.99) were less likely to be overweight.ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Changchun has been high in recent years, and the prevalence was higher among boys than among girls. Sex, dietary habits (weekly frequency of fruit consumption, picky eating and slowness in eating) and parental weight were important factors for overweight and obesity in adolescents. Further research should be conducted on the health of adolescents in China, and further intervention measures should be implemented to reduce the prevalence of overweight/obesity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among adolescents in northeastern China: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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“…This study finds that patients with a history of SCFE have a 9-fold higher risk of being diagnosed with obesity than their age-and sex-matched controls, with a higher risk for male patients. Over time, the prevalence of obesity in children has increased in both sexes (Eriksson et al 2018). Perry et al (2018) found a strong association of BMI and SCFE, with a higher risk for SCFE in children with obesity and high BMI compared with children of normal BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fate of patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in later life: risk of obesity, hypothyroidism, and death in 2,564 patients with SCFE compared with 25,638 controls Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) occurs commonly in overweight children and adolescents. The etiology of the disease is still unknown but several studies have concluded that overweight and obesity are catalyzing factors, either by overloading the growth plate (Fishkin et al 2006) or as an endocrine condition diminishing the stability of the growth plate. The latter would explain the age-dependent relationship between obesity and SCFE onset, where obese children are found to suffer from SCFE at a younger age compared with children of age-and length-adequate weight (Perry et al 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fate of patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in later life: risk of obesity, hypothyroidism, and death in 2,564 patients with SCFE compared with 25,638 controls

Hailer

2020

Acta Orthopaedica

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Background and purpose — Associations between obesity and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) during adolescence are described; however, few studies report on the lifetime risk of obesity in patients with SCFE. In addition, with the obesity epidemic in children and adolescents, an increasing incidence of SCFE might be expected. An association of SCFE with hypothyroidism seems ambiguous, and the association between SCFE and depression and all-cause mortality has not yet been evaluated. This study investigates the associations of SCFE with obesity, hypothyroidism, depression, and mortality, and putative changes in the yearly incidence of SCFE. Patients and methods — 2,564 patients diagnosed with SCFE at age 5–16 diagnosed between 1964 and 2011 were identified in the Swedish Patient Register. These were matched for age, sex, and residency with unexposed control individuals. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate the risk of obesity, hypothyroidism, depression, and death, in exposed compared with unexposed individuals. Results — The risk of obesity (HR 9, 95% CI 7–11) and hypothyroidism (HR 3, CI 2–4) was higher in SCFE patients compared with controls. There was no increase in the risk of developing depression (HR 1, CI 1–1.3) in SCFE patients. In contrast, all-cause mortality was higher in SCFE patients than in controls (HR 2, CI 1–2). The incidence of SCFE did not increase over the past decades. Interpretation — Patients with SCFE have a higher lifetime risk of obesity and hypothyroidism and a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with individuals without SCFE. These findings highlight the lifetime comorbidity burden of patients who develop SCFE in childhood, and increased surveillance of patients with a history of SCFE may be warranted. The incidence of SCFE did not increase over the last decades despite increasing obesity rates.

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“…We had no information on the weight and height of the children in the comparison group, nor on the parents. The prevalence of obesity in individuals aged 7 to 17 years in Sweden is estimated to somewhere between 4 and 8% [44]. Thus, we cannot rule out that there are individuals with obesity in the comparison group.…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknesses Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 94%

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden

Lindberg¹,

Hagman²,

Danielsson³

et al. 2020

BMC Med

170

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Background: Anxiety and depression are more common in children with obesity than in children of normal weight, but it is unclear whether this association is independent of other known risk factors. Interpretation of results from previous studies is hampered by methodological limitations, including self-reported assessment of anxiety, depression, and anthropometry. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity increases the risk of anxiety or depression independently of other risk factors in a large cohort of children and adolescents, using robust measures with regard to exposure and outcome. Methods: Children aged 6-17 years in the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (BORIS, 2005-2015) were included (n = 12,507) and compared with a matched group (sex, year of birth, and area of residence) from the general population (n = 60,063). The main outcome was a diagnosis of anxiety or depression identified through ICD codes or dispensed prescribed medication within 3 years after the end of obesity treatment. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from Cox proportional models were adjusted for several known confounders. Results: Obesity remained a significant risk factor for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents after adjusting for Nordic background, neuropsychiatric disorders, family history of anxiety/depression, and socioeconomic status. Girls in the obesity cohort had a 43% higher risk of anxiety and depression compared to girls in the general population (adjusted HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.31-1.57; p < 0.0001). The risk in boys with obesity was similar (adjusted HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.20-1.48; p < 0.0001). In sensitivity analyses, excluding subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders and a family history of anxiety/depression, the estimated risks in individuals with obesity were even higher compared with results from the main analyses (adjusted HR [95% CI]: girls = 1.56 [1.31-1.87], boys = 2.04 [1.64-2.54]). Conclusions: Results from this study support the hypothesis that obesity per se is associated with risk of both anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.

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Trends in prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity among Swedish children and adolescents between 2004 and 2015

Abstract: The prevalence of obesity decreased from 2004 to 2015 or was stable in younger Swedish children, but increased among older children, with a large increase in adolescent boys.

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among adolescents in northeastern China: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among adolescents in northeastern China: a cross-sectional study

Fate of patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in later life: risk of obesity, hypothyroidism, and death in 2,564 patients with SCFE compared with 25,638 controls

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden

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