Trends in risk factor control and treatment among patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes between 2000 and 2020: A territory‐wide study

Abstract

Background & Aims: We aimed to determine the trends in risk factor control and treatment among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 2000-2020. Methods: We conducted a territory-wide cohort study of adult patients with NAFLD and T2D diagnosed between 1 January 2000 and 31 July 2021 in Hong Kong. T2D was defined by use of any anti-diabetic agents, laboratory tests and/or diagnosis codes. Results: This study included 16,084 patients with NAFLD and T2D (mean age, 54.8 ± 12.0 years; 7124 male [44.3%]). The percentage of patients achieving individualised haemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) targets increased from 44.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9-46.1) to 64.8% (95% CI, 64.1-65.5), and percentage of patients achieving individualised low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) targets increased from 23.3% (95% CI, 21.9-24.7) to 54.3% (95% CI, 53.5-55.1) from 2000-2005 to 2016-2020, whereas percentage of patients achieving blood pressure control (<140/90 mm Hg) remained static at 53.1-57.2%. Combination therapy for

Correlation Study of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) on Diabetic Patients with Hypertension

“…Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that smoking history and drinking history were independent risk factors for persistent hypertension (OR>1 and P <0.05) in diabetic patients with hypertension, the risk of persistent hypertension increased with age, BMI, FBG, HbA1c and LDL-C (OR>1 and P <0.05), and taking antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs and lipid-lowering drugs were independent protective factors for persistent (OR <1 and P <0.05) in diabetic patients with hypertension. The results of this study confirmed that smoking, drinking, increased age, increased BMI, hyperglycemia and high levels of LDL-C are independent risk factors for hypertension, which has a good reference for blood pressure control in diabetic patients with hypertension ( 16 ). In addition, it was found in this study that taking conventional antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs and lipid-lowering drugs were protective factors for persistent hypertension in patients, without correlation between the addition of liraglutide (GLP-1RAs) and persistent hypertension in the research subjects.…”

Editorial: improvement of cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—time for action!

“…The recent study performed by Zhang et al provides interesting data regarding the trends in risk factor control and treatment among a large territory‐based cohort of adult patients with NAFLD and T2DM in Hong Kong between 2000 and 2020 8 . Among 16,084 patients included in this study, the percentage of patients achieving individualised haemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) target increased from 44.5% to 64% from 2000–2005 to 2016–2020.…”

Editorial: improvement of cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—time for action! Authors' reply

“…Declaration of personal interests : The authors' declarations of personal and financial interests are unchanged from those in the original article 1 …”

“…This article is linked to Zhang et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17428 and https://doi.org/10.1111/ apt.17467 Xinrong Zhang 1,2 Grace Lai-Hung Wong 1,2 Vincent Wai-Sun Wong 1,2 Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip…”

“…We would like to thank Professor Caussy for her editorial on our article 1,2 . She highlighted gradual improvements in the control of metabolic risk factors among patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the past two decades, though there remains much room for improvement.…”